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Electric Vehicles
Published in Arumugam S. Ramadhas, Alternative Fuels for Transportation, 2016
Nallusamy Nallusamy, Paramasivam Sakthivel, Abhijeet Chausalkar, Arumugam Sakunthalai Ramadhas
Combining the series and shunt field coils in a motor having a compound wound field provides a possibility to obtain a wide range of characteristics between the extremes of the series and shunt wound motors. Two arrangements can be made; keeping the shunt long or short, with the series field supplementing the shunt field. This cumulative compounding can make a way to use compound wound motors to act as a series like motor or a shunt like motor, getting both advantages. The characteristics can therefore to some extent be tailored to the requirement of a particular vehicle design (Wakefield 1998).
Flow
Published in Martin Novák, Introduction to Sensors for Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, 2020
The principle is shown in figure 12.22, a photograph in figure 12.23. It is based on induction of voltage in a moving conductor placed in a magnetic field. The magnetic field is produced by field coils. The magnetic field is then distributed with pole shoes. The moving conductor is the fluid itself. Therefore the fluid has to be conductive. This flowmeter can be used only with electrically conductive fluids.
Direct Current Power Systems
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo, Electrical Power Systems Technology, 2021
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo
In order to establish a strong electromagnetic field and to limit the amount of field current, the field coils are wound with many turns of small diameter wire. These high-resistance coils develop a strong field that is due to the number of turns, and, therefore, they rely very little on the amount of field current to develop a strong magnetic field.
Analysis and Optimal Design of Magnet Coil for Magnetic Field Test Facility in ITER
Published in Fusion Science and Technology, 2023
Xi Deng, Ge Gao, Yan Rao, Li Jiang, Chenguang Wan
The magnetic field test area is required to be 1 × 1 × 1 m. Due to the need to install the transmission system, which is mainly used to place the equipment under test, at least 1.5 m of space (the reserved space is preferably 1.65 m) should be reserved inside the actual magnetic field coil. According to the influence of various parameters in the previous study on the magnetic field generator system, within a reasonable value range, the length and height of the coil are the variables that mainly affect the magnetic field in the uniform region, while the width of the coil and the spacing between coils have relatively little effect on the magnetic field in the uniform region. Therefore, the width of the coils and the spacing between the coils can be fixed at a reasonable value to reduce preliminary calculations and simplify the subsequent analysis. According to the rough estimation of power loss based on engineering experience, the width of the coil was preliminarily selected as w = 0.27 m, and the spacing between two adjacent coils was selected as d = 15 cm. The two-coil system optimization variables are a1 and l1, the three-coil system optimization variables are a0, l0, a1, and l1, and the four-coil system optimization variables are a1, l1, a2, and l2. The coil resistivity was 3.6E-8 Ω·m. The magnetic field uniformity was set as 1.05, and the axial space utilization ratio was set as 0.9.
Mechanical Design Concept of Superconducting Magnet System for Helical Fusion Reactor
Published in Fusion Science and Technology, 2019
Hitoshi Tamura, Nagato Yanagi, Takuya Goto, Junichi Miyazawa, Teruya Tanaka, Akio Sagara, Satoshi Ito, Hidetoshi Hashizume
There are several candidate superconductors for the HC winding, including forced flow with a cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) by using a low-temperature superconductor (LTS) (Ref. 10), indirect cooling with an LTS (Ref. 11), and helium gas cooling with a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) (Ref. 12). Figure 5 shows the schematics of each candidate superconductor. Candidates for use as the LTS are Nb3Sn and Nb3Al with 4 K helium cooling as the estimated maximum magnetic field is 12 T. The 100-kA class LTS for FFHR-d1 can be available by advancing the 68-kA conductor developed for the ITER toroidal field coil. Rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO)–coated conductor is a candidate as the HTS and higher operating temperature, e.g., 20 K, are expected. Although the current capacity is based on a recent commercial REBCO-coated conductor, higher current capacity and reduction of anisotropy against the magnetic field direction are desirable to achieve the high overall current density and to cope with the complex three-dimensional magnetic field distribution of the HC system. Liquid hydrogen is an alternative candidate coolant for the HTS. The cooling scheme should be carefully chosen considering electrical/thermal issues such as stability, quench protection, heat transfer, heat capacity, circulation pump power, etc. Physical properties of the superconductors were calculated by performing multiscale homogenization analysis. Table I lists the obtained physical properties, which were used for the structural analyses.13
An adaptive nonlinear internal-model control for the speed control of homopolar salient-pole BLDC motor
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2018
Figure 12 shows the shaft position information, which is obtained by the Hall–Effect sensors. Online shaft position information is obtained by the Hall–Effect sensors mounted on the back of the motor shaft. We need online rotor position information to calculate the accurate and accurate inverse models of the HBLDC motor. The applied electronic commutation pulses to power converter are shown in Figure 13(a,b). The command generator block generates these pulses. A phase-measured steady-state current at four different speeds is shown in Figure 14. The Back-EMF of the stator phase winding for two different speeds from the excitation only the assisted field coil by Icoil = 1 A is shown in Figure 15.