China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Climate change
Published in Sigrun M. Wagner, Business and Environmental Sustainability, 2020
Another approach to tackling GHG emissions from energy is to switch power from fossil fuels to renewable energies from two types of sources: Distributed power sources (produced on the customer side of the meter, “local generation”): solar photovoltaic panels, geothermal power, combined heat and power (CHP, cogeneration), and biomass.Centralised power sources (produced on the utility side of the meter): hydroelectric power, concentrating solar power, wind power, wave and tidal energy as well as biogas or methane from landfills. Another form of fuel switching is the use of nuclear processes to generate energy, though this comes with other uncertainties and risks, such as the long-term storage of nuclear waste. It is therefore probably best viewed as a transitional form of alternative energy.
12 Frequency Regulation in Isolated Systems with Dispersed Power Sources
Published in Hassan Bevrani, Takashi Hiyama, Intellyigent Automatic Generation Control, 2017
Hassan Bevrani, Takashi Hiyama
Numerous new distributed power generation technologies, such as the photovoltaic (PV) generation, the wind turbine generation, the micro gas turbine generation, and the energy storage devices, are currently available to offer integrated performance and flexibility for the power consumers.1–4 Frequency regulation in interconnected networks is one of the main control challenges posed by emerging new uncertainties and numerous distributed generators, including renewable energy sources in a modern power system.5 Significant interconnection frequency deviations due to distributed power fluctuations can cause under- or overfrequency relaying and disconnect some loads and generations. Under unfavorable conditions, this may result in a cascading failure and system collapse.6
Engineering and Society
Published in Graeme Dandy, Trevor Daniell, Bernadette Foley, Robert Warner, Planning & Design of Engineering Systems, 2018
Graeme Dandy, Trevor Daniell, Bernadette Foley, Robert Warner
As alternative energy sources are progressively introduced, such as solar, tidal, wind and wave, problems of energy density arise. The energy in the wind or in the waves is much less concentrated and requires significantly more physical infrastructure to harvest it. Further improvements in energy storage techniques (batteries) will assist in the use of sustainable energy sources. As the technologies improve, we can expect to see the use of more distributed power systems, and renewable energy systems. We might also see the development of efficient and clean methods for obtaining energy from petroleum, gas and coal.
Design and control of LCL-type grid-tied PV power conditioning system based on inverter and grid side currents double feedback
Published in International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, 2023
Majid Hosseinpour, Tooraj Sabetfar, Abdolmajid Dejamkhooy, Mahdi Shahparasti
Nowadays, due to global warming and reduction of fossil fuel sources, it is necessary to utilize clean and sustainable energy resources. Distributed power generation based on renewable energies, such as solar energy, wind energy, and fuel cell, is an effective solution to achieve sustainable and environmentally friendly energies. Due to its low cost and mass production, Photovoltaic (PV) cells have been attended in recent decades. Usually, the voltage magnitude of the renewable-based Distributed Generation (DG) systems is low and variable depending on the environmental conditions. Therefore, employment of the power electronic converters, including DC-DC converters to boost the voltage magnitude and DC-AC inverters to generate the AC voltage suitable for AC grids or loads, is inevitable [1,2]. Maximum power harvesting from PV systems is important in increasing the efficiency of these systems. Since the output characteristics of the solar cells are affected by several factors, such as irradiance and temperature, these systems are rarely operated at the maximum power point. Therefore, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) plays an essential role in increasing the system efficiency [3].
Frequency control of hybrid power system by sine fu nction adapted improved whale optimisation technique
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2022
Debidasi Mohanty, Sidhartha Panda
The studied distributed power system contains various renewable sources like solar, wind, photovoltaic and the storage devices like the battery, flywheel as well as plug-in electric vehicles. The indeterminate nature of renewable sources and demand makes the system complex and presents the frequency fluctuations. It is extremely desirable to institute power balance amongst generation by planning a suitable controller for frequency constancy. Classical PID controllers may not provide required system performance if it is associated with non-linearity and constraints. On the other hand, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) increases the performance of PID controller and can deal with linearity and constraints Based on the selection of scaling factors used in input and output and also control parameters the design of FLC are made (Sudha, Raju, and Sekhar 2012). Sometimes, simple FLC control schemes are not sufficient to produce needful regulating actions (Mohanty et al. 2016; Fereidouni, Masoum, and Moghbel 2015; Savino and Mazza 2014). To improve the performance of FLC, PID controllers can be combined with FLC. This paper suggests using an adaptive Fuzzy PID (AFPID) controller which continuously accepts the input signal directly and modifies the output scaling factor of fuzzy PID with the help of gain updating factor. The parameters of AFPID controller are optimised by proposed SiWOA method.
Green supply chain management: a renewable energy planning and dynamic inventory operations for perishable products
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Jingsi Huang, Dongwei Xie, Yunzhe Qiu, Jianxiao Wang, Jie Song
The REM is a distributed power generation system that in general takes wind, photovoltaic, and other renewable energy generation as the main body, and regulates the balance of electric power supply and demand through the charging/discharging of energy storage (Camblong et al. 2009). The major advantage of distributed power generation and energy storage devices is that they can make full use of resources and improves the variety and flexibility of power supply (Triadó-Aymerich et al. 2016). However, the intermittency of renewable energy induces the instability of the power supply that when an emergency occurs, the backup REM might not be able to generate adequate power to support the operations of the cold storage.