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Published in Philip A. Laplante, Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, 2018
coprocessor a processor that is connected to a main processor and operates concurrently with the main processor, although under the control of the main processor. Coprocessors are usually specialpurpose processing units, such as floating point, array, DSP, or graphics data processors. copy-back in cache systems an operation that is the same as write-back--a write operation to the cache that is not accompanied with a write operation to main memory. In copy-back, the data is written only to the block in the cache. This block is written to main memory only when it is replaced by another block. See also block replacement. CORDIC computer. See coordinated rotation digital
Semiconductor memory, input and output, and peripheral circuits
Published in D.A. Bradley, N.C. Burd, D. Dawson, A.J. Loader, Mechatronics, 2018
D.A. Bradley, N.C. Burd, D. Dawson, A.J. Loader
Coprocessors are used in a microprocessor system as an extension to the processing function of the CPU. A floating point mathematical processor is an example of a coprocessor, and would be used to perform fast floating point calculations where the speed at which the CPU could perform the same calculations using its standard instruction set was not sufficient. This additional processing power is often required in applications such as robotics control which make very intensive ‘number crunching’ demands on the CPU.
Floating-Point Hardware
Published in Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton, Software Solutions for Engineers and Scientists, 2018
Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton
Perhaps the most important limitation of the 8086 and its descendants is their inability to operate on fractional numbers; a fact that did not go unnoticed to its original designers. Bill Pohlman, the 8086 project manager, defined a floating-point extension to the chip and implemented an interface for a coprocessor. In addition to the mathematical extension, coprocessors have been used to assist the main CPU in performing other specialized tasks, such as graphics, text and data manipulations, communications, and multimedia. Intel coprocessors include the 8089 input/output channel processor for data operations, the 82586 coprocessor for communications, the 82730 text processor, an entire family of mathematical coprocessors, and the Multimedia Extension, called the MMX.
Walk this way: validity evidence of iphone health application step count in laboratory and free-living conditions
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2018
Markus J. Duncan, Kelly Wunderlich, Yingying Zhao, Guy Faulkner
The iPhone detects and quantifies walking through sensors built into the phone, including a triaxial accelerometer, gyroscope, global positioning system, and in some models a barometer. This data is analysed by the motion coprocessor unit into several coding variables, notably CMMotionActivityManager1CM = “Core Motion” a designation for variables calculated by the motion co-processor. which indicates whether the user is stationary, walking, running, or in a vehicle, and CMPedometer which indicates the step count when ambulatory (Apple, n.d.-b). However, the algorithms used to integrate sensor data are not readily available. Step tracking apps, including the first party Health application that is preinstalled in the iPhone operating system (iOS) v8 (17 September 2014) and above, draw data from these coding variables to display step counts to the user. Health also draws data from other sources, such as synced wearable activity trackers and smartwatches (e.g. Apple Watch), depending on the coding of the wearable device’s application and permissions granted by the user.
Hardware-Based Novel Applications to Locate Faults in Branched Distribution Systems
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Hatice Okumus, Fatih Mehmet Nuroglu
The general block diagram of the presented off-line application for fault location detection is given in Figure 5. In this application 3 phase current-voltage modeling signals are fed to LattePanda and the obtained fault location results are displayed on the touchscreen. The LattePanda used in the study is a development board with a Quad-core Intel 1.8 GHz processor, 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal flash storage, an Arduino coprocessor, and can run Windows 10.