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Power Electronic Converters
Published in Iqbal Husain, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 2021
DC/DC converters can be designed to either step-up or step-down the input DC voltage. Depending on the location of the two switches and the inductor and capacitor, the three basic second-order DC/DC converter topologies are buck, boost and buck-boost converters. A buck converter is a step-down converter, and a boost converter is a step-up converter, while a buck-boost converter can be operated in either mode. Improved topologies are available with two switching devices and two diodes, and additional storage elements. Consequently, the order of the converter also increases with the additional components. Examples of higher-order converters are Cuk and Sepic converters. All of these DC/DC converters are used to convert an unregulated DC voltage into a regulated DC output voltage; hence, the converters are known as switching regulators.
Analyzing the effect of circuit parasitic on performance of DC-DC buck converter using circuit averaging technique
Published in Alka Mahajan, Parul Patel, Priyanka Sharma, Technologies for Sustainable Development, 2020
Annima Gupta, Akhilesh Panwar, Akhilesh Nimje
Buck converter is a class of DC voltage regulator which enables the reduction in the voltage level from input to output. This converter uses high frequency switch to control the time at which input voltage is supplied to load. Apart from this, it uses diode, load resistor and a filter circuit. In this work, various associated non-liberalities are included. These non-idealities mainly are switch on time resistance ( rs), switch on time voltage drop ( Vs), diode on time resistance ( rd), diode on time voltage drop ( Vd), inductor ESR ( rl) and capacitor ( rc). The typical layout of the buck regulator in shown in the Figure 1
Converter Design
Published in Majid Jamil, M. Rizwan, D. P. Kothari, Grid Integration of Solar Photovoltaic Systems, 2017
Majid Jamil, M. Rizwan, D. P. Kothari
On the basis of the voltage stepping operation, the DC to DC converters can be classified as follows: Buck converter: A buck converter is a step-down converter that produces a lower average output voltage than the DC input voltage.Boost converter: A boost converter is a step-up converter that produces a higher average output than the DC input voltage.Buck–boost converter: A buck–boost converter is a step-up as well as a step-down converter that produces a higher or a lower value of output voltage compared to the applied input voltage, depending upon the duty cycle of operation.
A Novel Zero-Current-Switching PWM Buck Converter with Magnetic Coupling Effect
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2019
Buck converters, as a type of basic DC–DC converters, have been widely used in industry applications. Since the buck converter could step down the voltage, it can be utilized to convert the energy from high voltage power battery to low voltage energy to supply 12 V battery and accessories in electric vehicles [1]. And it is also required in other areas, such as voltage regulator module, wireless charging system, power factor correction (PFC) and so on [2–6]. To satisfy the imperative demand of high power conversion density, small size and light weight, high operating frequency is adopted in the converters. However, with the increasing of the switching frequency, the hard-switching operating state of the traditional buck converter will result in high switching loss, high heat generation and severe electromagnetic interference. In order to solve the aforementioned problems, it becomes a suitable choice to use soft-switching technology in the buck converter.
Simulation and Experimental Investigation of a Smart MPPT based Solar Charge Controller
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Sarita Samal, Prasanta Kumar Barik, Roshan Kumar Soni, Sarthak Nayak
A buck converter is a DC-DC converter in which the output voltage is always less than the input voltage. The following equations may be used to calculate the output of the buck converter, Vo, the value of an inductor, L, and the value of the capacitor, C:
Design and Testing of Bidirectional DC-DC Converters for Emergency Lighting
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra, Karthikeyan Sathasivam, Waleed Khalid Al-Azzawi, Abrar Ryadh, Azhaar Abdalhussan Shalal, Mustafa Asaad Hussein, Abdul Razzaq T. Zaboun, Ilhan Garip
A Buck converter works as a Direct Current (DC) step down, which outputs voltages lower than the input voltages V0 < Vs. The buck converter works by controlling the duty cycle of a switch to regulate the output voltage. It is used in a variety of applications ranging from power supplies to motor drives [10]. It is one of the most widely used DC-DC converters. The switching duty cycle is adjusted to reduce the DC voltage. The Buck Converter works by using a switch, usually, a MOSFET, to rapidly charge and discharge a capacitor. By controlling the duty cycle of the switch, the average output voltage can be controlled. This is done by switching the switch on and off at a fixed frequency, and the ratio of the on-time to the off-time determines the output voltage [11]. Figure 1 shows the components of a buck converter circuit, including input voltage (Vs), active switch (MOSFET), diode, inductor, capacitor, and resistor. When the switch is on, the inductor stores energy in the form of a magnetic field, and the input voltage (Vs) is applied across the inductor. During this time, the diode remains off and the capacitor is charged. When the switch is off, the stored energy in the inductor is released and the capacitor is discharged. The ratio of the on-time to the off-time of the switch directly affects the output voltage, as the output voltage is proportional to the ratio of the on-time to the off-time. There will be no interruption in the operation of the buck converter switch. The duty cycle affects the speed switch (in reality). Buck converters work in two ways, namely when the switch in Figure 2 is in the “ON” position. The duty cycle of a buck converter switch affects the speed at which power is delivered to the load [12]. The “ON” condition of the switch allows current to flow from the input supply to the inductor and then to the load, with the diode blocking any reverse current flow. This ensures that the output voltage is regulated, with no interruption in operation.