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Lightweight Cryptography and Protocols for IoT Security
Published in Rajdeep Chakraborty, Anupam Ghosh, Valentina Emilia Bălaş, Ahmed A Elngar, Blockchain, 2023
The tiny encryption algorithm (TEA) is a simple, safe, and fast block cipher as its name implies. It is a protected cipher and needs a minimum amount of storage space. TEA exhibits strong differential cryptanalysis. After a few rounds, it gives complete diffusion. The TEA uses 64-bit blocks as input and 128-bit keys. It performs 32 round operations. Figure 15.3 displays the working procedure of a TEA cipher:This cipher first divides the 64 bits of input data block into two 32-bit blocks. The left part and right part of the blocks are interchanged in their position in each round.Next, a 128-bit key is broken into four subkeys of 32 bits each i.e., K[i] where 0< = i< = 3. It uses an integer delta constant 2654435769 (2^32/(golden ratio)). Here, a 128-bit key is taken as input. Multiples of delta are used in each iteration (mod 2^32) and addition operations are mod 2^32.First, the right half performs a 4-bit left shift operation and then add with K[0].
The Law and the Process
Published in Connie Kelly Tang, Lei Zhang, Principles and Practices of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 2021
Some key features of TEA-21 included: Guaranteed Federal fund levels from the fiscal year 1998 to 2003An extended Disadvantaged Business Enterprises (DBE) program with a flexible national 10% goal of DBE participationStrengthened safety programs by promoting the usage of safety belts and enforcement of 0.08% blood alcohol concentration for drunk driving determinationInvestment in research to maximize transportation system performance with special considerations for the intelligent transportation system.
Review of Lightweight Cryptography for Secure Data Transmission in Resource Constraint Environment of IoT
Published in B. K. Mishra, Samarjeet Borah, Hemant Kasturiwale, Computing and Communications Engineering in Real-Time Application Development, 2023
Security and ease of implementation is equally important for development of any algorithm; therefore TEA is notable in cryptography. The Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is block cipher and it is less complicated. It is fast, tightly closed, and easy in description and implementation than IDEA. As the confidentiality of the information is more necessary, TEA is safe and requires nominal storage area. The TEA takes 64 bit (block size) information bits the use of 128-bit keys with 32 rounds. This cipher starts with a 64-bit data block that is cut up into couple of 32-two bit blocks in which the block on the left-hand facet is called L and the block on the proper facet is known as R. Blocks are interchanged after each round (Table 14.3).16
Green Tea Attenuates methomyl-Induced Cardiac Toxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Factor kappa B Up- Regulation in Mice
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2021
Abdelkhalek Manar R., El-Khawaga Omali Y., Elbnhawy Rehab A., El-Gayar Hussam A.
Green tea (GT) is a type of tea made from the leaves of Camellia sinensis and has not undergone the oxidation process that is used in the manufacture of black tea. The main ingredients of GT are polyphenols, which account for about 30–40% of the solids that can be extracted from dried GT leaves. Among the most important ones are catechins (Cs) which include epicatechingallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin (EC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) [1]. Green tea extract (GTE) has been found to have healthy properties such as antioxidants and free radical scavenger properties [2]. Green tea catechins (GTCs) have the ability to induce an increase in the blood level of antioxidant enzymes, leading to protection by scavenging ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. GTCs have proven their ability to overcome free radicals produced by the toxic oxidizing compound in the environment thus reducing cellular damage from toxicity, DNA damage, cancer, and apoptosis [3].