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Photonic Network
Published in Naoaki Yamanaka, High-Performance Backbone Network Technology, 2020
Within the realm of OTDM networks, multiplexing may be at the bit level, in which data from several sources, each at a rate less than the full channel rate, are multiplexed up to the channel rate. This is often referred to as bit-interleaved TDM [3], [4]. From the perspective of the network, this multiplexing approach is analogous to WDM, where each low-rate OTDM channel is comparable to each WDM wavelength. An alternative method that has significant advantages over bit-interleaved TDM or WDM is slotted TDM [1], [2], [5]. In a slotted TDM network, time is partitioned into slots of many bits, e.g. 10-100 kbits per slot. Users insert packets into these slots as dictated by the network protocols. The data rate within the packets can be as high as the channel rate, or as high as the aggregate rate in a WDM or bit-interleaved TDM system. Using this packet-based approach, the inherent statistical multiplexing improves network performance with regard to throughput, access time, and delay.
Energy and Bandwidth Optimization in Mobile Video Streaming Systems
Published in Ce Zhu, Yuenan Li, Advanced Video Communications over Wireless Networks, 2017
Mohamed Hefeeda, Cheng-Hsin Hsu, Joseph Peters
Statistical multiplexing refers to the capability to share the network bandwidth among multiple data streams that have VBR requirements. Statistical multiplexing allows the network to achieve higher bandwidth efficiency. Packet-switched networks achieve statistical multiplexing by dividing each data stream into small packets and routing the packets independently over potentially diverse paths to the destination. This allows routers to interleave packets of different data streams on network links in order to share the link bandwidth among data streams. More specifically, packets arriving at each router are first stored. The router then runs a packet scheduling algorithm to determine the next packet to be transmitted. In general, using VBR streams enables network operators to multiplex more videos over a bandwidth-limited network, because the bit rate of each video is proportional to its current scene complexity, and usually only a few VBR streams require high bit rates at any given time. Sharing the network bandwidth among multiple VBR streams achieves statistical multiplexing, and the increase in the number of video streams that can be streamed at a given target video quality by VBR coding is called statistical multiplexing gain.
7 Ip Packet Transport
Published in Wes Simpson, Video Over IP, 2013
Two forms of multiplexing are commonly used today: time-division multiplexing and statistical multiplexing. See Figure 7-3 for a comparison.Time-division multiplexing provides a fixed amount of bandwidth to each incoming (tributary) stream. Operation is simple: Packets from each incoming stream are placed into one or more timeslots in the combined stream. In most systems, this allocation can be adjusted to accommodate streams that require more or less bandwidth, although the allocation typically cannot be changed very rapidly or while the system is in use.Statistical multiplexing provides bandwidth to incoming channels in response to their changing rates; higher-speed tributaries are dynamically given a larger amount of the overall network capacity. Many systems can be configured with a maximum and a minimum bit rate for each tributary stream. A rate limit is also imposed on the combined stream.
A Survey on Packet Switching Networks
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
One of the key advantages of frame relay is that it transports data from one place to another using a unique address of the destination. This characteristic is known as packet switching. Furthermore, data can be statistically multiplexed once it has been packetized, which means suppose all subscribers would not use complete bandwidth simultaneously; thereupon, the statistical multiplexing would allow many subscribers to use the same bandwidth. This eliminates the need for circuit switching, point-to-point and high-cost connections like dedicated leased lines. These kinds of connections are expensive and meant to be used 24/7.