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Adapted Design Methodology to IEC 61499 for Distributed Control Applications of Machine Tools
Published in Alois Zoitl, Thomas Strasser, Distributed Control Applications, 2017
Catalán Carlos, Alfonso Blesa, Félix Serna, José Manuel Colom
From a component paradigm programming view, FB types should be designed carefully to allow reuse in different contexts (i.e., interaction with other FBs). An FBN is more than a monolithic design split into parts that are implemented as FBs; it must be designed using software engineering methodologies. IEC 61499 does not establish methodologies or guidelines that describe FB types or define FB interactions. Software based on model-driven methodologies related to IEC 61499 have been summarized [28]. Other authors focused on design patterns [19, 20, 22] and guidelines [3] for the standard.
Scientific Writing
Published in Phillip A. Laplante, Technical Writing, 2018
Finally, the classification “processes” is split into “algorithms” and “software engineering issues.” This is due to the belief that it is important for real-time imaging researchers and practitioners to begin to focus on best practices of software. Perhaps because many imaging engineers are not trained in software engineering, or because of pressures to complete the project, basic software engineering practices are often not followed, or followed poorly. This situation seems to exist in both industrial and academic R&D labs.
Network Architecture, Mobility Management, and Deployment
Published in Saad Z. Asif, 5G Mobile Communications Concepts and Technologies, 2018
3GPP envisions a logical split between RAN and core network to allow independent evolution of either one. Furthermore, a split of control and user planes is foreseen for 5G networks. In RAN, for example, it will allow macro cells to handle the control plane while small cells (particularly in the context of millimeter waves) handle the user plane. However, the exact nature of such a split is still under investigation.
Study on leaky Lamb waves in functionally graded composites loaded by asymmetric fluids
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Shengyu Tang, Jingwei Yin, Cheng Wang, Guangping Zhu
The formulation in this contribution is based on [12] for Lamb modes in a vacuum plate. In the original work, they expressed the evolution of a stress-displacement four-vector and split them into two groups of and . It has been detailed in the appendix of [12] that the governing equations for homogeneous plates can be written as where and G are the operator matrices, the normal stress is always expressed in terms of and concerning the boundary conditions. Thus only four independent fields in and remain.
Usage of on-demand oxyhydrogen gas as clean/renewable fuel for combustion applications: a review
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2021
Osama Majeed Butt, Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad, Hang Seng Che, Nasrudin Abd Rahim
According to Faraday (Gupta 2008), minimum 1.24 volts are required for electrolysis of water with a production rate of 0.01 LPM per ampere. This is the minimum amount of potential applied between two plates to split water with least amount of loss of energy in form of heat. Higher the potential applied will result in more heat being lost. Operating electrolysis on 1.24 volts is impractical. Greater potential (than 1.24 volts) is required to split the water for evolution of hydrogen and oxygen. This difference of voltage is known as over potential or losses (Kroposki et al. 2006). This loss is actually the resistances in the cell as seen in (Figure 12). Higher potential is required to overcome this resistance to split water. (Table 2) shows resistivity of different materials that were studied as electrode of cell. There are three main types of resistances in the electrolysis cell: (1) electrical resistance, (2) transport resistance and (3) electrochemical reaction resistance. Electrical resistance is directly responsible for loss of heat energy. Transfer of ions with the electrolyte depends on the electrolyte concentration (in case of liquid), membrane (in case of solid) and separation distance between the cathode and the anode (Zeng and Zhang 2010). Bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen on the surface of electrode create resistance for transfer of ions.
Evaluation of the effect of learning disabilities and accommodations on the prediction of the stability of academic behaviour of undergraduate engineering students using decision trees
Published in European Journal of Engineering Education, 2020
Gonen Singer, Maya Golan, Neta Rabin, Dvir Kleper
Decision trees are a popular and commonly used classification algorithm due to their efficiency and fast performance. The algorithm has a tree structure, breaking down a dataset into smaller and smaller subsets. The final result is a tree with decision nodes and leaf nodes. A decision node has two or more branches (in our study, for example, there are two branches to split students into those who are and are not enrolled in the software engineering department). A leaf node represents a classification or decision (in our study, for example, the range of values for the percentage change in achievement between the first and second half of studies). The topmost decision node in a tree, which corresponds to the best predictor, is called the root node. Decision trees can handle both categorical and numerical data.