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Information communication technologies in construction procurement
Published in Allan Ashworth, Srinath Perera, Contractual Procedures in the Construction Industry, 2018
Allan Ashworth, Srinath Perera
A block is a record of valid network activity of a transaction performed, and all blocks formed in chronological sequence form a blockchain. Each block in the chain can be defined as a cryptographically coded set of data pertaining to a transaction. All blocks in the chain are recorded as a database of digital ledger distributed to all parties in the network. This makes the entire blockchain transparent because the blocks cannot be altered or changed. Any tamper of a record in the ledger will result in an invalidation, which stops further processing of transactions, making the blockchain secure. Anyone in the network can add more blocks to the chain, expanding the scope of transactions. This process allows blockchains to contain a complete, immutable record of all transactions shared between all in the network. It allows two or more secure transactions to occur over the internet between parties who did not know or trust each other without a mutually trusted intermediator, such as a bank, government or cash. The blockchain therefore acts as a shared single source of truth. The most common form of crypto currency used is a Bitcoin, which can represent anything from a physical currency unit (£ or $), a barrel of oil, a bag of cement, a standard door, a share in a company, a digital certificate of ownership or even a vote of a citizen (See Figure 22.4). It can contain up to 100 million units.
Data and information management
Published in Paul Marsden, Digital Quality Management in Construction, 2019
The UK has been one of the leading nations to support the adoption and evolution of Business Information Modelling (BIM) standards with the BS 1192 suite, which has changed to the ISO 19650 series. BIM is fundamentally about collaboration; bringing stakeholders together around a digital model that improves communications and understanding. Having a ‘single source of truth’ reduces the risks of design errors and misunderstandings. It is not foolproof, but it is a step forward, compared to the document-centric and paper-centric world of traditional construction.
MSDD 10.0: a design pattern for sustainable manufacturing systems
Published in Production & Manufacturing Research, 2022
David S. Cochran, Joseph Smith, John Fitch
Three innovative design capabilities were introduced by incorporating Decision-centric design and model-based systems engineering tools into the research for MSDD 10.0. The first capability was introduced by means of an underlying information model that enables the capture and relatability of manufacturing system design information as a single source of truth. The second capability builds on the first capability. The information model enabled additional classes of information to capture requirements during each phase of the systems engineering lifecycle. Finally, the MSDD 10.0 design pattern enables a design team to revisit decisions with confidence as solutions fail to achieve the desired function or when requirements change. Prior decisions can be revisited with confidence because of the MSDD 10.0 design pattern. The ability to revisit decisions with confidence enables capability three which is the ability to provide rapid feedback and update of the results of verification and validation protocols.
Knowledge management challenges in an alliance-based major project delivery organisation
Published in Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering, 2022
The collective issues can be summarised as follows: a difficulty in finding and sharing information across multiple platforms; version control issues and the lack of a single source of truth – or in other words, too much information, located in too many places.