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Integration of Blockchain to IoT
Published in Debarka Mukhopadhyay, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya, Balachandran Krishnan, Sudipta Roy, Blockchain for IoT, 2023
Layer 2 in Figure 4.6 is the communication layer, which must include the networking and transportation functionalities of the IoT as well as data networking functionalities of the BC. Some of the networking protocols could be used in order to coordinate the infrastructure systems with respect to IoT. For the BC there must be the organization layer, otherwise called the P2P organization, which builds up correspondence between hubs. Sharding is a parting technique that appropriates processing and capacity jobs across a P2P organization to such an extent that, unlike ordinary BC, each hub is not responsible for dealing with the whole organizations exchanges load, but rather handles data identified with its parcel, or shard.
Improving Responsiveness in Manufacturing Centers through the Virtual-to-Reality Big Data Methodology
Published in Harriet B. Nembhard, Elizabeth A. Cudney, Katherine M. Coperich, Emerging Frontiers in Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2019
A primary problem is storing and accessing the volume of the data. The company has a distributed computer architecture with one master computer and about 100 other computers or nodes. Hadoop® is a common open source software used in big data. Hadoop® (Shvachko et al., 2010) separates large files into smaller files, which are called shards or partitions. Each shard must be small enough that it can be stored on a single node and also accessed quickly. One could view a shard as a subset of rows of a large data set. Due to accessibility issues and to reduce errors, all data is stored on multiple shards.
Big Data Retrieval Using Locality-Sensitive Hashing with Document-Based NoSQL Database
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
N.R. Gayathiri, A.M. Natarajan
Horizontal Scaling or Sharding: This splits the data within the dataset and allocates the data over the servers-shards. Each shard can be considered as an individual database or at the same time shards can also make up a single database.