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ATM Protocols
Published in Abhijit S. Pandya, Ercan Sen, for Broadband Telecommunications Networks, 2018
A protocol stack is a set of layers that incorporates standards of one system or another at each layer. There are many different kinds of protocol stacks. The connector on the back of a computer or the communications board is referred to as the lowest layer while the applications program running in the local memory of the computer (or the network device) is referred to as the highest layer. The protocol stack bridges the gap between the hardware (i.e., the connector) and the software (i.e., the applications program).
Cross-Layer Optimizations in Wireless Sensor Networks
Published in Ankur Dumka, Sandip K. Chaurasiya, Arindam Biswas, Hardwari Lal Mandoria, A Complete Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks, 2019
Ankur Dumka, Sandip K. Chaurasiya, Arindam Biswas, Hardwari Lal Mandoria
The protocol stack consists of physical layer, data link layer, network layer1, transport layer, and application layer. Along with these inherent layers in the protocol suit, there are a few planes to coordinate the nodes in their sensing events viz. power management plane, mobility management plane, and task management plane.
Cooperative vehicular platooning: a multi-dimensional survey towards enhanced safety, security and validation
Published in Cyber-Physical Systems, 2023
Ênio Vasconcelos Filho, Ricardo Severino, Pedro M. Salgueiro dos Santos, Anis Koubaa, Eduardo Tovar
The work presented in [73] enables the Co-VP evaluation performance based on stability and risk-of-collision analysis. Extensive simulation using real-world vehicle parameters can examine longitudinal controllers’ specifications and network characteristics, allowing the observation of platooning performance boundaries caused by network constraints and control system definitions. However, the network communication model was assumed as abstract and straightforward, with no communication protocol stack, using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in the 2.4 GHz band, while the vehicle dynamics are simulated with Matlab. Extending the network constraints analyses, the impact of Transmission Rate Control (TRC) over a Co-VP scenario based on industrial V2× nodes operating in the ITS-G5 channels is the main focus of [85]. It evaluates simulated vehicles’ longitudinal distance in congested scenarios, changing the message’s frequency, based on a four OBUs vehicle simulation with data logging over the Matlab Software.
Wireless body area network for health monitoring
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2019
Bahae Abidi, Abdelillah Jilbab, El Haziti Mohamed
Some implementations for WBANs use Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1), but this type has a complex protocol stack and high energy consumption compared to IEEE 802.15.4, therefore, more current implementations of WBANs use IEEE 802.15.4 or Zigbee as enabling technology, but it is not the best solution for supporting the communication in WBANs it can be used for a quick and easy implementation. To focus on low power devices and operation on, in or around the human body, a study group of IEEE called IEEE 802.15.6 has been launched in November 2007 for the realisation of the international standardisation [10] for WBANs. This last established the first draft of the communication standard of WBANs in April 2010, the approved version of the IEEE 802.15.6 standard was ratified in February 2012. The purpose of this group is to establish a communication standard optimised for low power and high-reliability data communication.
Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Review of Enabling Technologies, Architecture, and Challenges
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Bhagya Nathali Silva, Murad Khan, Kijun Han
IoT supports multiple communication protocols, which are either open or proprietary. Some of the protocols were readily available and others were specifically implemented with the purpose of extending IoT capabilities. According to [20], IoT communication protocols can be classified into four major categories, as to application protocols, service discovery protocols, infrastructure protocols, and other influential protocols. An overview corresponding to application protocols, infrastructure protocols, and service discovery protocols will be discussed later in the next section. Moreover, Figure 3 gives a summarized view of the IoT communication protocol stack.