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Reliable Ad Hoc Smartphone Application Creation for End Users
Published in Georgios Kambourakis, Asaf Shabtai, Constantinos Kolias, Dimitrios Damopoulos, Intrusion Detection and Prevention for Mobile Ecosystems, 2017
Adwait Nadkarni, Akash Verma, Vasant Tendulkar, William Enck
Cross-site attacks: WebApps contain web elements from different origins. These elements can store cookies within the web browser's cookie store, and are frequently aware of the WebApp they are embedded within. By storing and retrieving cookies, the owners of these elements can track user's browsing habits. For example, consider a user logged into Facebook. Whenever the user visits a website that embeds a Facebook “like” button, Facebook is notified that the user visited the page, even if the user does not click the button [20]. Further investigations found that logging out of Facebook is not enough [29,30]. To regain privacy, the user must clear the cookie store. Similar privacy concerns arise with web advertisements that store cookies, that is, a privacy concern DoubleClick is infamously known for. Browser state, including a range of browser cache methods, can be used to track the user [31]. By having per-WebApp cookie stores and state, NativeWrap significantly mitigates, if not removes, such privacy threats.
Addressing cold start in recommender systems with neural networks: a literature survey
Published in International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2023
Research evaluated has used real-world datasets, which have numerical rating on a scale 1–5, for their experiments. Other than that rating, other ratings are Continuous ratings [41] – the ratings are given on a continuous scale and reflect how much the subject matter is liked or not liked.Interval-based ratings [41] – in interval-based ratings, ratings are frequently determined using a 5- or 7-point scale, for example, numerical integer values between 1 and 5, between −2 and 2, or between 1 and 7. An essential presumption is that the ratings are normally equally spaced apart and that the numerical values unambiguously describe the distances between them [41].Ordinal ratings [41] – like interval-based ratings, with the exception that they can also be used to rate categorical data, for example, responses such as ‘strongly disagree,’ ‘disagree,’ ‘neutral,’ ‘agree,’ and ‘strongly agree.’Binary ratings [41] – there are just two alternatives available in binary ratings, which stand for positive or negative feedback.Unary ratings [41] – these systems let the user indicate a positive preference for a product, but there is no way to indicate a negative choice, such as the case in several real-world situations, e.g. Facebook ‘like’ button [41].