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Fundamentals of Database Technology and Database-Driven Web Applications
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Timothy Middelkoop, Paul J. Allen, David C. Green, Handbook of Web Based Energy Information and Control Systems, 2020
Although SQL is a powerful tool specifically designed for database access, it is not a full-featured programming language. Hence, to maximize the benefit of SQL in applications, embedded SQL is used. That is, SQL is coded into a programming language like C/C++, VB or Java in a database-driven application. The programming language is employed to perform the common “programming” tasks while the embedded SQL queries are utilized to access the database. This interactive process can be described as follows: The application creates a connection to a database so that the host application can “talk” with the database and its tables.The application generates a SQL query to obtain a table in the database.The content in the table is retrieved and then mapped to the internal data structure of the application.Operations on the data are carried out. This could be very simple or complicated depending on the application’s requirement.The updated data may be saved back into the database and output may be generated.
Visualization of the trade information of agricultural products
Published in Xiaoling Jia, Feng Wu, Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation, 2017
Through the method of early embedded SQL and the later JDBC/ODBC, the programmer needs to write a lot of code of data access layer during developing an application in which the business logic layer and the user interface layer must be separated (Ziyi Wang, 2016). It is a great waste of resources and manpower to write repetitive code with the same pattern in each project. In this case, the emergence of the Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) technology solves the problem effectively. It generates an automatic mapping between the relational database and the object to avoid the need to deal with complex SQL statements in the specific database operation so that the software designers can only focus on the business logic of the object architecture rather than the underlying code of the database SQL and JDBC. According to statistics, using ORM can reduce software development time and cost by 40%, greatly improve data readability, and simplify the code tuning and testing because of the separation between the business layer and the actual data storage. Many developers and experts have predicted that ORM will become the mainstream model of the object-oriented development.
Groundwater management and water quality assessment in the City of Vienna
Published in Jos H. Peters, Artificial Recharge of Groundwater, 2020
The groundwater management and surveillance system is supported by a hydrological information system (HIS), a modern data base system that provides a full pallet of tools and functions necessary for the capturing, storing and analysing of aquatic environment related data. The HIS concept is based on the client-server principle with ORACLE as data base platform using tools like ORACLE-CDE, ARCInfo, AutoCAD or other external programs with embedded SQL-functions. A Windows based program serves as user interface. Additionally to the available functions it offers a set of predefined DDE (OLE) calls supporting direct data exchange between HIS and other Windows programs like Excel, Winword, Powerpoint, ARCView, COREL Draw).
Air quality monitoring platform with multiple data source support
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Dessislava Petrova-Antonova, Jelyazko Jelyazkov, Irena Pavlova
The architecture of the platform consists of 5 layers as follows: Data storage layer – stores data in SQLite database. Since the SQLite does not require separate server process and related configuration, it is used as an embedded SQL database engine. Thus, minimal requirements to the deployment environment are achieved.Object Relational Mapping (ORM) layer – provides a level of abstraction between the database and the business layer. Thus, the database could be easily replaced. The mapping is implemented by a Hibernate ORP provider.Business layer – processes data collected from the external APIs and provides data to the services called by the client’s interface.Interface layer – implements services for communication with the external APIs and client’s interface.External APIs layer – delivers data from different sources, which the platform aggregates.Client’s interface layer – implements the user interface for interaction with the platform.