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Services and Applications
Published in Mário Marques da Silva, Cable and Wireless Networks, 2018
The hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) is the TCP/IP application layer protocol, which allows a client to use the www space. The HTTP is a client/server protocol supported by the TCP, and therefore, a certain level of data reliability is assured. The web server can be accessed by using a certain IP address. Moreover, the default port address corresponding to a web server is 80. In HTTP, the different types of media are encoded in text. Since the data exchange is limited to text, the HTTP is simple. Moreover, since HTTP is supported by the TCP transport protocol, the access to each web page (transaction) follows three different elementary phases: connection setup, data exchange, and connection termination. This results in an independent treatment of each transaction (web page access). Once the client has successfully received the desired web page, the TCP connection is terminated.
Chapter 6 Invariant Part the Computer Program
Published in V. Patankar Suhas, Computation of Conduction and Duct Flow Heat Transfer, 2017
Routine DEFLT. When a general-purpose program such as CONDUCT contains so many important variables and indicaiors, their correct specification for every problem appears to be a formidable task. However, in CONDUCT, this task is made much easier by the judicious use of default values for many of these variables. In general, the default values chosen are the logical or commonly encountered values for each variable. It is a good idea to study the default values inserted in the program, so that the specification in ADAPT could be limited to only those quantities that must depart from their default values. A complete list of default values is given in Appendix C. Incidentally, all the default values are initially set in the routine DEFLT.
Conditional Statements
Published in Amartya Mukherjee, Nilanjan Dey, Smart Computing with Open Source Platforms, 2019
Amartya Mukherjee, Nilanjan Dey
In Arduino, the standard rule for switch case is similar to C or C++ language. For example, if we omit the break statement for cases, all the cases including default will execute one by one, but as the break is incorporated, the statement corresponding to case completes its execution, and it will immediately come out from the switch-case block.
Developing heuristic multi-criteria auto calibration method for continuous HEC-HMS in snow-affected catchment
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2020
Alireza B. Dariane, Reza Bagheri, Farzane Karami, Mohamad M. Javadianzadeh
The optimum level for the key parameters of MeS and SGHS algorithms are found by sensitivity analysis using a trial and error as follows:In addition to the above-mentioned parameters there are also 24 HEC-HMS parameters that need to be calibrated. Since the general procedure for using MeS and SGHS is the same, therefore only MeS method is described for briefness. To start with, the HEC-HMS modelling must be executed manually at first using the defined configuration. Then, the MeS programs written in Fortran is run to improve the initially assumed default HMS parameters. Then, the HMS model inputs, including basin model and meteorological model parameters which are in ‘txt’ format, are produced by MeS algorithm and sent to the HEC-HMS model. Next, the stopping criterion is checked. If the condition is met the optimum solution is reached and the process is ended. Otherwise, the improved parameters are transferred to the HMS model and the HEC-HMS is executed by the ‘callhec.bat’ batch file. Then, using the second batch file ‘calldss.bat’ the HEC-DSSvue is run and the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Index is calculated which is then transferred to the MeS program. The process is repeated until the stopping condition (i.e. max number of iterations) is met.
A modified Hestense–Stiefel conjugate gradient method close to the memoryless BFGS quasi-Newton method
Published in Optimization Methods and Software, 2018
The methods were coded in Fortran and run on a PC with 3.7 GHZ CPU processor and 4 GB RAM memory and Linux operation system. The code for the CG_DESCENT method was obtained from Prof. Hager's home page: http://www.math.ufl.edu/hager/. We used the Fortran Version 1.4 (14 November 2005) with the default parameters there. The subroutine for the limited memory BFGS method was downloaded from Prof. Nocedal's home page: http://www.math.ufl.edu/hager/. The codes for other two methods were modifications of the subroutine CG_DESCENT. The methods were terminated when . For the NHS+ method, we set to evaluate the parameter in (10). Detailed numerical results are listed in Table 2, which include the total number of iterations (Iter), the total number of function evaluations (Nf), the total number of gradient evaluations (Ng) and the CPU time (Time) in second, respectively. In Table 2, ‘−’ means the methods failed to converge to a solution of the corresponding problems within 50000 iterations.
Performance of protective concrete runway pavement under aircraft impact loading
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2020
Saima Ali, Sabrina Fawzia, David Thambiratnam, Xuemei Liu, Alex M. Remennikov
‘Concrete Damage Plasticity Model’ is used to define the plasticity parameter and the non-linear behaviour of material under uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression. ‘Concrete Damage Plasticity Model’ (CDP) available in ABAQUS software is a modification of Drucker–Prager strength hypothesis which considers that the failure surface in the deviatoric cross section is not required to be a circle and it is governed by parameter Kc (Kmiecik & Kamiński, 2011) (Figure 3). The default value of Kc in ABAQUS is 0.67. Besides, in the CDP model the plastic potential surface in the meridional plane assumes the form of a hyperbola.