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BIM – the current state of play
Published in Ray Crotty, The Impact of Building Information Modelling, 2013
The initial structural model was developed by the Rowecord and Miller teams working closely together to develop the overall stadium geometry, sight lines, grid systems, circulation, levels and suchlike. Miller work with Bentley software, so they created their architectural model in MicroStation and exported views of this to Rowecord in dgn format. The exports were worked up into the Tekla model by the Rowecord team, and the results were fed back to Miller, who used a Tekla web viewer to review and comment on the evolving structure. This intense, continuous, looping file exchange process moved from section to section of the structure and continued until all four sides and the corner sections of the stadium were complete.
SemCat: Publishing and accessing building product information as linked data
Published in Symeon E. Christodoulou, Raimar Scherer, eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction, 2017
Also the building product representations follow this evolution, starting from isometries and 2D paper-based drawings to the delivery of 3D object models in various file formats, including major proprietary file formats (RVT, DWG, DGN, and so forth) as well as neutral data formats (IFC). These are generic parametric BIM objects representing building elements and products (e.g. windows, doors, sanitary equipment, HVAC elements, floor coverings) that are made available in BIM object libraries in relation to specific design software. Building product manufactures are driven by industry to similarly provide BIM objects and climb on board the BIM train.
Integration of computer aided facility management data and real-time information in disaster management
Published in Manuel Martínez, Raimar Scherer, eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction, 2020
The basis of all command and information systems is the geometric base data in the form of maps or floor plans. Due to the wide distribution of GPS-systems for cars, ships and planes, international standards for the format of the maps and their displaying have been developed (e.g. Flash or SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)). For the description of infrastructure and buildings in 2D or 3D producer-defined formats (dwg, dgn) or open source model definitions (IFC) are widespread in engineering and architecture, though they have not yet been adopted apart from the use as data exchange formats.
Operability of Point Cloud Data in an Architectural Heritage Information Model
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2022
Juan Moyano, Juan E. Nieto-Julián, Lara M. Lenin, Silvana Bruno
The current BIM software products allow to generate 3D objects from point cloud data. This constitutes an important step when modelling heritage buildings, even when these objects are not parametric and are only useful to obtain measurements, thus acting as auxiliary elements for 3D reconstruction. Software interoperability in object modelling from point cloud data is also important. BIM can handle different types of information, from a point cloud to drawings representing plans (.pdf or .dgn, .dwf, and .dwg vector formats) that can be used as templates to help build the model. The precision is another variable that the point cloud can achieve in the old 3D models, since it replaces 2D CAD previous procedures which implied significant manual work when identifying and creating edges and surfaces. In this sense, deep learning and machine learning can contribute to speed-up modeling tools but, first of all, we need a significant amount of supervised training for including our knowledge into a piece of software.
An integrated GIS, BIM and facilities infrastructure information platform designed for city management
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2021
Yu-Shun Huang, Shen-Guan Shih, Kuo- Hsiung Yen
Translating the 2D maps into the 3D graphic engine (Strategy 2): the elements of the 2D digital maps, which include point, line, surface, color, thickness, line type, and legend, must be pre-defined before they are translated into the 3D geographic model. The translating steps include redrawing the existing maps (in JPG, PDF, DGN, or DWG formats) into shapefile format and translating the maps into DGN format via the MicroStation software.