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The World Wide Web
Published in Akshi Kumar, Web Technology, 2018
Dynamic web pages, on the other hand, contain server-side code—such as PHP, ASP (Active Server Pages), or JSP (Java Server Pages)—that allows the server to generate unique content each time the page is loaded. For example, the server might display the current time and date on the web page. It might also output a unique response based on a web form the user completed. Many dynamic pages use server-side code to access database information, which enables the web page content to be generated from information stored in a database. The dynamic page request is addressed by a two-level response system that includes a web server and an application server. The web server’s primary job is to display the site content while the application server is in charge of the logic, the interaction between the user and the displayed content. The terms web server and application server are often used interchangeably. However, web servers are well-suited for static content and application servers for dynamic content. Figure 3.2 depicts the architectural flow for publishing a dynamic web page.
Middleware
Published in John Footen, Joey Faust, The Service-Oriented Media Enterprise, 2012
After a quick overview of what features a middleware layer might provide, and the components that are necessary to provide those features, it is useful to consider some specific implementations of those components, in particular, a technology that is considered the basis of all middleware: the application server. An application server is a specific type of software platform on which an enterprise can build and host applications for its users. Because it is the underlying platform, it provides many of the components that are considered part of the middleware layer. Also, the additional components that provide enhanced middleware functionality often use an application server as the place to plug into the infrastructure.
Infrastructure
Published in Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm, Local Positioning Systems, 2017
Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm
In addition to incorporating web servers, application servers also provide database interfaces (using CORBA, XML, EJB, JDBC, or ODBC interfaces). This means that a query by a user can combine multiple data requests, such as the subscriber’s location, content information of multiple kinds, and mapping information of any kind. Some application servers provide for personalization beyond the use of position information, as well as the transcoding (i.e., using XSLT) of information. We will not discuss this in any depth, although it is clear that personalization services and location-based services are converging.
Design and Research of Electric Bicycle Networking System Based on NB-IoT Technology
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
In order to send IoT data to applications, the Cellular Internet of Things (CIoT) defines two optimized solutions in the Evolved Packet System (EPS) [15]. One is to optimize user-level operations for CIoT EPS (User Plane CIoT EPS opTImisaTIon) [16]. The second is CIoT EPS control level operation optimization (Control Plane CIoT EPS opTImisation). As shown in Figure 2, the CIoT EPS control level operation optimization design is represented by a solid line in the figure. The operation optimization diagram at the EPS level of CIoT users is represented by the dotted line in the figure. CIoT EPS control level operation optimization: The ride data is sent from the eNodeB base station to the MME (Mobility Management Entity), and the transmission path is divided into two branches. It is sent to the PG through SGW (Serving GW). It is sent from packet data (Packet Data Network Gateway, PDN gateway) to the application server, or connected to the application server through SCEF (Service Capability Exposure Function) [17]. The latter only supports non-IP data transmission. The downstream data path is the opposite of the downstream data path. When small data packets are rarely sent, this format is usually used because this format does not require the creation of a data radio carrier [18].
A scalable cyberinfrastructure and cloud computing platform for forest aboveground biomass estimation based on the Google Earth Engine
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2019
Zelong Yang, Wenwen Li, Qi Chen, Sheng Wu, Shanjun Liu, Jianya Gong
In this paper, the webapp2 framework was adopted to simplify the development of AGB application server. It uses the Jinja2 and WSGI (Web Server Gateway Interface) to separate the presentation in browsers from the logic models in the backend server (Ronacher 2008; Gardner 2009), which makes the portal more flexible and easier to extend and maintain. The application server is deployed in the Google Cloud Platform through the IaaS which releases us from the investment and time costing in using a physical server. The communications among our application server and other components are based on the API of external applications. An asynchronous strategy based on the Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) (Garrett 2005) was used to improve functions’ interactivity between the web portal and the application server.
Efficient resource management techniques in cloud computing environment: a review and discussion
Published in International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2019
Frederic Nzanywayingoma, Yang Yang
The aggregation switch in the aggregation layer forwards traffic from multiple ToR switches to the core layer. A core router in core layer is a router designed to operate in the Internet backbone and must support multiple communication interfaces of the fastest speed and must be able to forward IP packets at full speed on all of them. It monitors communication channels between internal networks and external networks to prevent risks on external networks from affecting internal networks. Load balancers receive data traffic and increase effective network bandwidth by distributing network connection requests to multiple servers using a distribution algorithm. A server is a computer program running to serve the requests of other programs, the “clients” such as sharing data, information or hardware and software resources (i.e. file server, mail server, print server, web server, application server, so on.)