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Timber
Published in Poul Beckmann, Robert Bowles, Structural Aspects of Building Conservation, 2012
Generally, the structures consisted of wall frames of vertical and horizontal members, usually with some diagonal bracing members, surmounted by roof structures of various configurations (Fig. 5.3). The wall frame members formed panels, filled in with ‘wattle’, a weave of slender branches, which supported ‘daub’, a clay mixture applied to both sides of the wattle to form the wall surface. In later, and/or more important buildings, the panels would be infilled with brickwork and this was also used for repair/refurbishment.
The sustainability of adobe construction: past to future
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2019
Cristiana Costa, Ângela Cerqueira, Fernando Rocha, Ana Velosa
“Wattle and Daub” or “tabique” consists in placing earth in its plastic state, on a support cane wooden or wicker. According to Niroumand et al. (2013), the wattle and daub technique consists of two parts. A wattle is a woven structure of small plant elements held together in a stiff frame Common materials used to create wattle are reeds, bamboo, branches, and twigs. Daub or mud adheres to the irregularities and overhangs off the organic matrix. This mud mixture is similar to the one used for mud brick but with smaller aggregate size, and dung is often the organic binder.
Energy retrofit infill panels for historic timber-framed buildings in the UK: physical test panel monitoring versus hygrothermal simulation
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2021
Christopher J. Whitman, Oriel Prizeman, Julie Gwilliam, Andy Shea, Pete Walker
Historic timber-framed buildings in the UK consist of a structural timber frame with a solid infill. This is traditionally wattle-and-daub, a framework of thin timber members (wattlework) covered by an earthen render (daub). Other historic infills include lath and plaster and brick nogging (Harris 2010). Whist some of these buildings are over-clad with tiles, weatherboarding or continuous plaster, in many cases the timber frame is exposed both internally and externally (Figures 1 and 2).