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Meeting the requirements of the Building Regulations – dwellings
Published in Ray Tricker, Samantha Alford, Building Regulations in Brief, 2022
Underpinning is a construction method which increases the depth of the foundations of a building by excavating the existing foundations and replacing them with new foundation material. The reasons for underpinning are: Movement of the existing foundations (e.G. Caused by poor soil or changes to the soil conditions through subsidence etc.).Adding another storey to the building where the depth of the existing foundations is inadequate to support the modified building’s weight.
Meeting the requirements of the Building Regulations – Dwellings
Published in Ray Tricker, Samantha Alford, Building Regulations in Brief, 2017
Underpinning is a construction method which increases the depth of the foundations of a building by excavating the existing foundations and replacing them with new foundation material. The reasons for underpinning are: movement of the existing foundations (e.g. caused by poor soil or changes to the soil conditions through subsidence etc.)adding another storey to the building where the depth of the existing foundations is inadequate to support the modified building’s weight.
Introduction to the analysis and design of excavations
Published in Chang-Yu Ou, Deep Excavation, 2014
Underpinning is to strengthen the existing foundations of a building, to improve the soils, or, to replace the original foundations. The applications of underpinning are quite extensive, including property protection in excavations, the prevention of natural settlement of heavy buildings, the strengthening of the foundations of buildings which have been unsuitably
Organizing construction work: a digital and cooperative way forwards for micro-projects
Published in Building Research & Information, 2022
Fred Sherratt, Chris Ivory, Simon Sherratt, Sarah Crawley
The research underpinning this paper was funded by the UK’s Transforming Construction Network Plus. The very title of this network provides a clear summation of the current situation at least from the UK government’s perspective: UK construction needs transforming. The most recent of many government-commissioned reports on the UK construction industry, undertaken by Farmer in 2016, found systemic problems of poor productivity, predictability and progress. Over past decades there have been several such reports produced (notably Latham in 1994, Egan in1998 and Wolstenholme in 2009) aiming to catalyse positive change in the industry, however, a seismic shift has arguably yet to be realized. Farmer (2016, p. 16) highlighted that the industry still struggles to deliver on time, to budget or to acceptable quality standards, with key issues being: structural fragmentation; low profit margins, adversarial pricing models and financial fragility; and the lack of collaboration and improvement culture within the industry; as well as the large numbers of SMEs and self-employed workers, which in turn impacts skills development and innovation.
Modelling accuracy for urban design flood estimation
Published in Urban Water Journal, 2022
Consistent among these calibration techniques is the need to define a calibration metric suitable for defining the accuracy of the predicted catchment response. A discussion of calibration metrics can be found in Lettenmaier and Wood (1993), Gupta et al. (2009), and Jackson et al. (2019). These discussions have focused on the scientific foundation underpinning the use of alternative calibration metrics. Nonetheless, the basis of the calibration metric is the definition of a measure of the similarity in catchment responses obtained from modelling and monitoring the catchment. As shown by Sefe and Boughton (1982), the optimal set of parameter values varies with the selection of the calibration metric. There is a need, therefore, to ensure not only the scientific foundation of the calibration metric but also to ensure that the calibration metric is consistent with the desired flood characteristic.
The Role of 4D Historic Building Information Modelling and Management in the Analysis of Constructive Evolution and Decay Condition within the Refurbishment Process
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2021
Silvana Bruno, Antonella Musicco, Fabio Fatiguso, Guido Raffaele Dell’Osso
The aim of the previous interventions was the functional upgrade; the stratification of these interventions is still recognizable. In 1847, the monastery was converted into a hospital. After the abandonment in 1969, the building underwent a series of structural interventions and maintenance of foundations, roofs, façades because of serious settlements, not yet completely solved. In particular, the entire foundation has been reinforced with an underpinning made up of piles in order to solve the settling of primary rotation of the external façades, caused by heterogeneous foundations and soil. The kinematic movement is more complex where the units around the cloister. The low resistance of the soil, estimated by tests in 1992, and the demolition of some vaults replaced with hollow-clay/concrete slabs has jeopardized the static equilibrium (Petrignani and Camarchia 1992). Furthermore, the absent structural connection of the18th-century porch (Unit 3) and the 16th-century unit (Unit 1) contributed to the settling. In 2005, the continuous seepage of rainwater from the roofs caused damp spots on the main façade. Therefore, in 2007, some localized interventions were carried out concerning the cleaning of the main façades, the installation of the waterproof layer and the eradication of spontaneous vegetation. The corroded rebar of the concrete joist were rehabbed and the hollow-clay/concrete slabs consolidated by Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) at the intrados (Fabozzi 2007).