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Analysis of fixed turbine operating conditions with and without a shock capture scheme
Published in C. Guedes Soares, Developments in Renewable Energies Offshore, 2020
L.M. Flores Mateos, M. Hartnett
Particularly strong tidal-currents are produced by local geographical constrictions such as narrow straits, channels, off headlands, between islands and landmasses or basins. On these sites, currents are intensified by hydraulic pressure gradients caused by differences in sea-level, such locations are attractive for exploiting tidal-stream energy. Despite the fact that a tidal-stream turbine implies a less obstructive configuration for local hydrodynamics than tidal barrage structures and tidal lagoons tidal-stream turbine arrays are deployed to extract high levels of power. Consequently, it is relevant to study the turbine operating conditions and their influence on local hydrodynamics.
An introduction to the world ocean
Published in Mark Zacharias, Jeff Ardron, Marine Policy, 2019
Hydrocarbon (oil) spills are a unique type of pollution. Hydrocarbon spills occur as a result of the transport of different forms of oil or the exploration and development of offshore oil resources. Approximately half of the world’s oil production (approximately 1.6 billion tonnes) is transported by sea. Much of this transport is over long distances in large tankers that pass through straits and transit along coastlines. This means of transport has resulted in many serious accidents and spills over the past several decades; however, due to improvements in safety, currently about 12 per cent of oil entering the ocean is a result of transportation accidents with the remainder from primarily land-based sources. While the average number of major oil spills per year has dropped from 25 in the 1970s to 3 today, smaller spills continue to impact fisheries, tourism and coastal economic activities.
The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments: A Respectful Way to Tackle the Problem of Aquatic Biodiversity in Maritime Transport
Published in Adam Weintrit, Tomasz Neumann, Advances in Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 2019
In the case of the Strait of Gibraltar, the applicable legal regime is the one established for straits used for international navigation in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which states that the mere fact of being used as such does not affect the legal status of the waters forming such straits or the exercise by the States bordering the straits of their sovereignty.
The impacts of strait and canal blockages on the transportation costs of the Chinese fleet in the shipping network
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2019
To facilitate understanding and compare the degree of cost increase, the increased cost percentage is used to replace the transportation cost to analyse the results. The total increased cost percentage values for the blockage scenarios for the 8 straits or canals are calculated and given in Figure 2. The three cargo categories’ increased cost percentage values for the blockage scenarios for 8 straits or canals are calculated and given in Figure 3. Because there is no feasible solution when the Strait of Hormuz is blocked, the increased cost percentage is not shown in Figures 2 and 3. A number of unique phenomena can be observed in Figures 2 and 3. The total increased cost percentages caused by the blockages of the Sunda Strait and the Mandeb Strait are higher than the others. Similar results can also be seen in bulk and liquid bulk increased cost percentages in Figure 3. However, the container increased cost percentage is different. The impacts of the blockage of the Mandeb Strait, Suez Canal, Gibraltar Strait and English Channel are much higher than the others but exclude the Sunda Strait. Detailed analysis is shown below.
Physical property characterization of the Nakdong River valley sediments in relation to depositional units
Published in Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2022
Kiju Park, Gil Young Kim, Seok-Hwi Hong, Gwang Soo Lee, Dong Geun Yoo, Shin Yu
In addition to geographical and morphological conditions, global sea level change since the LGM has also affected sediment deposition of shelf areas globally, including the study area. Most continental shelf areas around the world have been submerged since the LGM (Fairbank 1989). Thus, the sedimentary environments in the Nakdong River delta and the Korea Strait are significantly affected by global sea level change. Sea level curves for the Korea Strait over the last 20 kyr have been reported by several researchers (Suk 1989; Min 1994; Park et al. 2000).