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Assessment of Earthquake Hazard Based on Statistical Models, Probability Theory, and Nonlinear Analysis
Published in Mangey Ram, Recent Advances in Mathematics for Engineering, 2020
The world has withstood several great earthquakes documented from the times of 1652 BC Xia China Earthquake to the recent on 2019 Peru Earthquake that occurred on May 26. The people have lost their lives, households, and relations in the earthquakes. Outdated structural design provisions, lax building by-laws, broad zoning of earthquake hazard, and ignorance towards state-of-the-art practices in earthquake-resistant design are some of the reasons behind the disasters that happened during these earthquakes at many places. Many investigators have raised these issues and suggested detailed assessment of earthquake hazard in line with local seismotectonic setting for all important projects.
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of the North-East India towards identification of contributing seismic sources
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2023
Niranjan Borah, Abhishek Kumar
Variations in seismotectonics, methods adopted and models used in SHA lead to variation in the estimation of the seismic hazard values at a particular location (Cramer 2001; Cramer et al. 2002). This variability is caused by both random natural processes (aleatory uncertainty) and uncertainties in knowledge and measurements (epistemic uncertainty). As discussed earlier, in order to incorporate uncertainty in predicted seismic hazard values, two source models (SM1 and SM2), and three GMPEs are considered in the present analysis using a logic tree (see Figure 7). Weights assigned to each component of the logic tree are shown in Figure 7. For the two source models, equal weights have been given for the analyses. For GMPEs, the weights obtained in section 8 are assigned, keeping the sum of the total weights as 1.0.
Simulation of Spatially Variable Seismic Underground Motions in U-Shaped Canyons
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2019
Liu Guohuan, Feng Xiao, Lian Jijian, Zhu Haitao, Li Yi
Stochastic models are useful because of the high degree of uncertainty associated with the characteristics of future earthquake ground motions, even when detailed information about the seismotectonics of a region is available. The most commonly used function to characterize the spatial variability of ground motions in engineering is the complex-valued coherence function [Harichandran and Vanmarcke, 1986; Hao et al., 1989; Abrahamson et al., 1991]. This function is employed in analysis using the random vibration and response spectrum methods. In this section, a coherence function considering the effect of topography of U-shaped canyons is studied. Figure 4 shows an extended U-shaped canyon of Fig. 2, taking the multi-layered soil into account.