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Published in Les Goring, Residential Surveying Matters and Building Terminology, 2023
Screed: This usually refers to a layer of sand-and-cement laid over a concrete-floor to give it a smooth and level surface. Sharp sand and Portland cement to a 3:1 mix, should be not less than 50mm/2 in. thick. It should not be laid too wet, nor too dry, thereby allowing the final trowel-finish to bring the laitance to the surface.
Meeting the requirements of the Building Regulations – dwellings
Published in Ray Tricker, Samantha Alford, Building Regulations in Brief, 2022
A flat roof consisting of bitumen felt is (irrespective of the felt specification) deemed to be of designation AA if the felt is laid on a deck constructed of 6mm plywood, 12.5mm wood chipboard, 16mm (finished) plain-edged timber boarding, compressed straw slab, screeded wood-wool slab, profiled fibre-reinforced cement or steel deck (single or double skin) with or without fibre insulating board overlay, profiled aluminium deck (single or double skin) with or without fibre insulating board overlay, or concrete or clay-pot slab (in situ or precast), and has a surface finish of: Bitumen-bedded stone chippings covering the whole surface to a depth of at least 12.5mm.Bitumen-bedded tiles of a non-combustible material.Sand and cement screed.Tarmacadam.
Ground floors
Published in Derek Worthing, Nigel Dann, Roger Heath, of Houses, 2021
Derek Worthing, Nigel Dann, Roger Heath
All the previous examples showed a screed finish to the ground floor. If this is a cementitious-based screed, it can take several weeks to dry, longer if the membrane is below the slab. This can cause substantial delays for subsequent moisture-sensitive operations. A floating floor provides a dry alternative method of construction. These are commonly formed using chipboard (or other particle board). The tongued and grooved sheets, with the joints glued together, are laid on insulation boards and provide a surface which can be tiled or carpeted. However, as moisture from a drying floor slab can damage chipboard, it needs the protection of an additional vapour control layer if the DPM is laid below the slab.
Dissipative Bracing Systems for Seismic Upgrading of New and Existing Timber Structures
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2021
B. Faggiano, G. Iovane, D. Salzillo, F. M. Mazzolani, R. Landolfo
A seismic timber single-storey structure 3 m high, with a rectangular plan layout 6x18m wide, spanning 6 m in the longitudinal direction, is analysed (Figure 6). The slab is assumed as made of timber planks with a thin concrete screed and tiles. It is supported by secondary beams in the longitudinal direction. Dead and live loads are equal, respectively, to 1.50 and 2.00 kN/m2 (for residential buildings). The structure has four seismic-resistant-braced frames, two for each direction, representing the case studies. The size is 3x6m, FVD devices are located at the braces lower end. Different configurations of the braces are examined, differing for the position of the FV devices, namely MRF-HiLj, (i, j = 1–3; Figure 7), where Hi and Lj determine the location at the column and at the beam, defining the inclination, of the dissipative brace. Also a reference Moment Resisting Frame, namely MRF, and a frame with single brace, namely MRF-D, are designed. In total 11 different dissipative seismic resistant timber structures are designed.
All-air system and radiant floor for heating and cooling in residential buildings: A simulation-based analysis
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2020
Giulia Alessio, Giuseppe Emmi, Michele de Carli, Angelo Zarrella
The considered heating and cooling system is a water based embedded floor system defined using TRNBuild inside the multi-zone building model (Solar Energy Laboratory 2012). An active layer is used for this purpose, placed between an insulation layer and a cement screed. The layer is called “active” because it contains fluid filled pipes that either add or remove heat from the surface. The following parameters of the active layer are specified inside each thermal zone: fluid specific heat capacity, pipe spacing, internal and external pipe diameter, pipe conductivity and number of loops. The heat carrier fluid mass flow rate of each zone is provided as input to the building model (Type 56) at each simulation time step, since it is controlled by the thermostat state. Also the inlet fluid temperature is provided as input: for heating purposes it depends on the external air temperature (climatic control), while it is set constant during the cooling season. As regards the auxiliaries of the radiant floor system, the electric consumption of the circulating pump has been evaluated on the basis of the design mass flow rate and pressure head using manufacturers’ performance curves.
Paths of innovation and knowledge management in timber construction in North America: a focus on water control design strategies in CLT building enclosures
Published in Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2020
Mariapaola Riggio, Noura Alhariri, Eric Hansen
An inverted roof sequence is used in the deck assembly. The layout of the green roof was designed so that trees and other plants that require deeper soil are placed on the shortest spanning beams and close to the structural support. About half of the roof load is supported by a large steel truss, incorporated in the façade on one side of the roof; the rest is supported by the zipper truss and the CLT deck. The glulam beams that support the CLT framing are cambered slightly to slope towards the perimeter and central drains on the roof and to counteract deflection. The concrete screed is shaped to create additional sloping for effective drainage. The customer required, as a preventative measure, the installation of a leak detection system underneath the water barrier.