China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
*
Published in Louis J. Goodman, Rufino S. Ignacio, Engineering Project Management, 2019
Louis J. Goodman, Rufino S. Ignacio
To ensure that TAPS did comply with the new standards of environmental integrity and to ensure that the project could cope with the arctic environment, technical solutions representing new pipeline technology had to be developed. The principal technical problems to be overcome were: Insulating the permafrost from the hot oil in order to keep the permafrost stable so that the pipeline would not settle or sink and rupture.Providing enough flexibility in the line to handle thermal expansion as the hot oil started to move.Providing a design to resist rupture in case of a severe earthquake.Providing rupture detection systems so that, in case of rupture, the line could be shut down before much oil spilled.Providing rupture control by means of oil containment provisions at the pump stations and the terminal.Reducing air emissions of hydrocarbons at the terminal to preserve ambient air quality.Preventing minor oil leaks or spills in the waters of Port Valdez and providing rapid cleanup capability if such spills occurred.Providing collision avoidance systems in Port Valdez, particularly in the approaches to Valdez Narrows, to prevent tanker collisions.Providing game crossing along the pipeline route without disrupting traditional game migration patterns.
A Quantitative Method for Post-Earthquake Safety Assessment of Damaged Reinforced Concrete Frames Based on On-Site Survey Data
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2023
Lei Zhang, Baitao Sun, Zhijun Jiang, B.F. Spencer
A building may be damaged by a geotechnical deficiency such as a fault rupture, which causes building differential settlement, foundation damage or soil liquefaction, landslides, or damage to a retaining wall. Damage also can be cause by a tilting neighboring building without enough separation distance from other nearby structures. Buildings damaged in these various manners lie outside the scope of this paper. Among the collected data of RC frame buildings, buildings with no damage, completely or partial collapsed, or for which indoor investigations could not be inspected due to site restrictions were deleted. Then, 65 RC buildings were used for model establishment. The statistical chart showing the characteristics of samples, including damage states, number of stories, irregularities, and construction year are displayed in Fig. 5.
DEM simulations to study the effects of the ground surface geometry on dip-slip faulting through granular soils
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2020
Mohammad Hazeghian, Abbas Soroush
Nearly, all of the previous research works about dip-slip faulting assumed that the geometry of the ground surface with respect to the bedrock is flat; but in reality, this geometry could be downward or upward sloping near hillsides or trapezoidal in road embankments and earth dams. Zanjani and Soroush (2013) studied dip-slip faulting through clayey embankments of trapezoidal geometry. However, a systematic work studying comprehensively the effects of the ground surface geometry on the propagation of dip-slip faults through granular soils has not been reported in the literature. From a practical viewpoint, it is important for both geotechnical engineers and geoscientists to understand how the ground surface geometry affects normal and reverse rupture paths as they propagate from the bedrock toward the ground surface.
The Small Dams Safety Index (SDSI): a tool for small dams safety assessment
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2023
Willian Leandro Henrique Pinto, Laura Maria Canno Ferreira Fais
The rupture of a water dam can severely compromise the environment and the society around it, causing loss of life; destruction of properties; loss of cultivated lands; loss of dam benefits; damages to downstream infrastructures, buildings, and facilities; garbage deposits, flood, sediments erosion from the river bed and banks in the limit of the water height, silting, change in water turbidity, in addition to others environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, it is indispensable to evaluate dam safety and to propose preventive actions to avoid failures (Adamo et al., 2017; Etcheber et al., 2011).