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Flame Retardancy of Recycled Polymer Composites
Published in R.A. Ilyas, S.M. Sapuan, Emin Bayraktar, Recycling of Plastics, Metals, and Their Composites, 2021
Maryam Jouyandeh, Henri Vahabi, Fouad Laoutid, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Reza Saeb
With comparison to landfill and incineration of plastic wastes, recycled plastics can replace some of the new materials in the plastics industry, which not merely reduces the material costs, but is also effective for resource recycling (Cao et al., 2019; Mwanza et al., 2018; Stichnothe & Azapagic, 2013). Flame retardant polymer wastes are useful materials for fabricating wood plastic composites (Najafi et al., 2006). However, because of a difference in chemical structure of the used plastics and their miscibility, the poor compatibility of plastics appears as a limiting factor in the recycling process, which can affect the ultimate performance of the final modified materials (Garcia & Robertson, 2017). Development of recycled flame retardant polymer composites with high fire performance as well as acceptable mechanical properties and a low environmental impact is a scientific debate. The recycling of most of flame retardant polymer composites can be performed without significant loss in their quality (Dawson & Landry, 2005). Although most of the reports show the use of a single matrix component from the waste product (Rahman et al., 2013), to compensate for the reduction of mechanical properties the waste polymer can be combined with different polymer wastes or even mix the waste polymer with a virgin polymer (Sinha et al., 2010) and also can be incorporated with fillers and additives (Suppakarn & Jarukumjorn, 2009).
Global plastic waste management strategies (Technical and behavioral) during and after COVID-19 pandemic for cleaner global urban life
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Muhammad Taqi Mehran, Salman Raza Naqvi, Muhammad Ali Haider, Maryam Saeed, Muhammad Shahbaz, Tareq Al-Ansari
Due to the European Green Deal, recycling of plastic surged but during the COVID-19 crises, the recycling of plastics has faced severe challenges. At the household level, the supply of recyclable plastic waste is reduced but the amount of mixed waste has increased; return levels in deposit systems have temporarily decreased due to limited mobility and infection fears. Similarly, social-distancing measures have restricted collection and sorting capacities. For instance, France switched from separate to a mixed collection of all waste from households due to the unavailability of pickup staff, resulting in a difficulty to recycle waste stream and a larger share of the valuable materials disposed of through landfill dumping or incineration (Kahlert and Bening 2020). The plastic industry should collaborate with academia to develop breakthrough innovations to utilize recycled plastics in a variety of products. The use of recycled plastic in high-value applications instead of park benches and flowerpots remains a niche application that must be considered to overcome the huge plastic consumption that peaked during the COVID-19.