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Effects of local soil conditions on the seismic response of the historical area in San Giuliano di Puglia (Italy)
Published in Renato Lancellotta, Carlo Viggiani, Alessandro Flora, Filomena de Silva, Lucia Mele, Geotechnical Engineering for the Preservation of Monuments and Historic Sites III, 2022
T. Fierro, M. Castiglia, F. Santucci de Magistris, M.G. Durante
Based on more recent recordings made available from the vertical arrays, 2D site response analyses are used to fit the array recordings by optimizing the definition of the geotechnical model. The analyses are conducted with OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation, McKenna et al. 2000), an object-oriented, open-source software framework, based on the Finite Element theory. OpenSees is suitable for serial and parallel computer applications, the latter allows to perform parametric analyses more efficiently, including also nonlinear analyses with advanced constitutive models for the soil deposit. Results of the site response analyses are discussed by accounting for the effects on the built environment, modelling a large portion of the town, that includes the whole valley. The large model has been analyzed using the parallel interpreter OpenSeesSP (McKenna & Fenves 2008), taking advantages of the computational power available through the cyber-infrastructure DesignSafe-CI (Rathje et al. 2017).
A macro-element modelling technique to account for IP and OOP interactions in URM infilled RC or steel building
Published in Jan Kubica, Arkadiusz Kwiecień, Łukasz Bednarz, Brick and Block Masonry - From Historical to Sustainable Masonry, 2020
Bharat Pradhan, Maria Zizzo, Vincenzo Sucato, Liborio Cavaleri, Davorin Penava, Filip Anić, Vasilis Sarhosis
The proposed model has been validated with the experimental data available in the literature. Angel (1994) tested seven full-scale, single-story, single-bay infilled RC frames in both IP and OOP loads. The specimens were first subjected to IP cyclic lateral displacements until the infills reached double the drift of first cracking. Then the masonry infills were applied with monotonically increasing pressure in the OOP direction. From the tests, specimens 2 and 3 subjected to IP drift of 0.34% and 0.22% respectively before applying OOP pressure were taken for numerical simulation. Numerical simulations were carried out in the software platform OpenSees. Frame elements as well as strut elements were modelled by fiber-section beam-column elements with distributed plasticity. Concrete 02 material model was used to simulate the behavior of the concrete and infill wall while reinforcement in the frames were simulated using Steel02 material model. The loading is applied in a similar pattern as used in the tests. The IP cyclic lateral displacement was applied at the upper nodes of the frame model and the OOP load was applied at the centre of the struts representing the infill centre.
Human-driven machine-automation of engineering research
Published in António S. Cardoso, José L. Borges, Pedro A. Costa, António T. Gomes, José C. Marques, Castorina S. Vieira, Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX, 2018
M.D.L. Millen, A. Viana Da Fonseca, X. Romão
Fortunately in the field of civil engineering research, there are several initiatives that are greatly improving the situation by open-sourcing their findings and providing machine-readable output from their research (e.g. software or databases). OpenSees (McKenna 2011), an open-source software for structural and geotechnical engineering, allows research to be embedded into OpenSees subroutines, which enables others to easily validate those findings and use them in their own research. The use of exactly the same subroutines across various research projects also provides some level of consistency in that the underlying assumptions of the numerical simulations are the same.
High-Performance Uniform Damping Model for Response History Analysis in OpenSees
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2023
Yuan Tian, Yuli Huang, Zhe Qu, Yifan Fei, Xinzheng Lu
Nonlinear response history analyses of structures have found increasingly wide applications in structural design, optimization, and damage assessment. The Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees) provides an open-source computational platform for innovations in constitutive models, element formulations, and solution algorithms (Mckenna 2011). It has become one of the most important frameworks for structural dynamic analysis. For example, Kim, Kim, and An (2009) used OpenSees as a finite element solver for progressive collapse analysis to develop the integrated progressive collapse analysis system; Lu et al. (2015, 2018, 2019) developed shell elements and an explicit algorithm in OpenSees for strongly nonlinear seismic response analysis of structures; Mohammadi et al. (2019) performed the wind nonlinear response history analyses of a 47-story high-rise building using OpenSees.
Multi-Constitutive Model Simultaneous-Updating-Based Online Numerical Simulation Method for Seismic Performance Assessments in Civil Engineering
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2023
Xizhan Ning, Ge Yang, Bin Wu, Qiyang Tan, Guoshan Xu, Bin Xu
As one of the most popular and widely used computing software packages, MATLAB provides a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment, which allows for numerical calculations, matrix calculations, visualizations, nonlinear modeling, simulations, etc. Furthermore, MATLAB supports mixed programming with C language, FORTRAN language, and C++ language. It also offers several ways to work in conjunction with other software tools, such as text transmission or communication mechanisms based on network protocols (transmission control protocol/internet protocol [TCP/IP], UDP). In terms of the OpenSees computational driver, this open-source software adopts an object-oriented software framework. The OpenSees interface is based on a command-driven scripting language known as tool command language (TCL) (Welch 2000). Therefore, OpenSees has inherited many functions of the TCL language and can be regarded as software that incorporates both finite element analysis and script language functions, which makes OpenSees show flexible scalability. OpenSees also provides several data transmission mechanisms, one of which is a TCP/IP-based network communication channel (or socket) inherited from TCL. Hence, to ensure the data exchange framework is extensive, the client-server exchange strategy based on the TCP/IP is employed in this work, as shown in Fig. 4.
Seismic Behaviors and Resilience of Concrete-encased Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns with Debonded High-Strength Rebars: Experiment and Assessment
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2022
The Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees) (OpenSees 25/05/2018) provides lots of material models and structural elements for predicting static and dynamic structural performances and, consequently, has been extensively used. As proposed by Wang, Zhao, and He (2019), the model used to simulate the seismic behaviors of cantilever CECFST columns in this paper is composed of two points: the first point is used to represent the column base and the second point represents the end of column. The bottom point is fixed and the upper point is free to simulate the boundary condition of the test column. Furthermore, the axial load and lateral force as well as mass are applied to the second point. The height between the above two points equals the shear span of the test column. Total five integral points distribute along with the height of the column. The dispBeamColumn element is used in this study, and the UniaxialMaterial Concrete 02 with linear tension softening and Steel 02 (Giuffré–Menegotto–Pinto model with isotropic strain hardening) are used for concrete and steel materials. As shown in the numerical results of Patel, Liang, and Hadi (2014), using the fiber element to divide the cross-section of CFST columns was a good way to simulate the seismic behaviors of CFST columns subjected to both compressive and lateral loadings, sectional fiber is therefore used to represent the CECFST column section, and the locations of longitudinal rebars are identical with actual locations of them.