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Challenges of designing a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) for development of underground structures on the Moon
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
J. Rostami, C. Dreyer, R. Duhme, B. Khorshidi
New discoveries and opportunities for underground space include lava tubes and the polar shadowed regions. While both have been known for some time, recent discoveries suggest an increase in their importance for lunar exploration. Lava tubes, or rilles, are an ancient lava flow that formed into a hollow structure as the outer layers of lava cooled. These structures may possess unique environments on the lunar surface and thus are of interest for future science driven missions. Intact lava tubes are natural underground spaces that could be well suited for situating a manned habitat or someday a Moon colony. Recent work showed that under the unique lunar conditions lava tubes on the Moon could be very large (Blair, 2017). The unique lighting conditions of the permanently shadowed polar regions have been recognized for some time and the possibility that resources may be present in these regions that would not last long on other areas of the Moon. Limited exploration efforts have shown that water ice, carbon dioxide, and several other volatiles are present in and near the permanently shadowed craters of the lunar north and south poles. Tunneling and creation of underground space presents expanded opportunities for access to and extraction of resources and base construction in this unique environment.
Challenges of designing a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) for development of underground structures on the Moon
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2019
J. Rostami, C. Dreyer, R. Duhme, B. Khorshidi
New discoveries and opportunities for underground space include lava tubes and the polar shadowed regions. While both have been known for some time, recent discoveries suggest an increase in their importance for lunar exploration. Lava tubes, or rilles, are an ancient lava flow that formed into a hollow structure as the outer layers of lava cooled. These structures may possess unique environments on the lunar surface and thus are of interest for future science driven missions. Intact lava tubes are natural underground spaces that could be well suited for situating a manned habitat or someday a Moon colony. Recent work showed that under the unique lunar conditions lava tubes on the Moon could be very large (Blair, 2017). The unique lighting conditions of the permanently shadowed polar regions have been recognized for some time and the possibility that resources may be present in these regions that would not last long on other areas of the Moon. Limited exploration efforts have shown that water ice, carbon dioxide, and several other volatiles are present in and near the permanently shadowed craters of the lunar north and south poles. Tunneling and creation of underground space presents expanded opportunities for access to and extraction of resources and base construction in this unique environment.
A mid-Permian mafic intrusion into wet marine sediments of the lower Shoalhaven Group and its significance in the volcanic history of the southern Sydney Basin
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2022
G. R. Bann, B. G. Jones, I. T. Graham
The small-scale soft-sediment faulting, which occurs beneath the lava sill, indicates that some of the fine-grained sedimentary layers were sufficiently lithified, or perhaps partly frozen, to fracture, while sediments elsewhere were completely unconsolidated and flowed (e.g.Figure 8d; cf. Kokelaar, 1982). Mud, clay and carbonate cement in the finer-grained silt would provide a cohesive component, possibly allowing fracturing to occur (Figure 6a). The squeezing out of the sediment beneath the tube-like structure of the sill (Figure 7e) indicates lithification was minimal. The loading from the magma has displaced incompetent sediments beneath it, as the magma flowed out and laterally away from the dyke. As the magma formed flow tubes with seemingly unmixed sides (i.e. has not bulldozed through and mixed these sediments within the magma), suggests extrusion either onto or just below the sea bed surface. The faulting and squeezing out effects are due to loading from the lava tube being emplaced at a shallow depth (Figure 7d, e). Delaney and Pollard (1982) suggested that conduits that transport lava in the later phases of most basaltic igneous activity are commonly cylindrical (tubular) rather than tabular in form. Augustithus (1978) suggested that tubes form when lava flows onto unconsolidated sediments. Campbell et al. (2001) and Carr and Jones (2001) have documented the existence of lava tubes within the Gerringong Volcanics.
Geometry, formation mechanisms, and hydrocarbon exploration significance of Pishan Caldera, Tarim Basin, northwest China
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2023
Meng Li, Xiangbin Yan, Liangjie Tang, Lu Yun
Based on our review of the formation mechanisms of hydrocarbon reservoirs associated with Pishan Caldera, we developed a simplified model for caldera reservoirs (Figure 9). The model consists of five major reservoir types: drape anticline, fault block, volcanic-trapped, laterally sealed and lava tube type.