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PGM Recovery from Mine Waste
Published in Hossain Md Anawar, Vladimir Strezov, Abhilash, Sustainable and Economic Waste Management, 2019
The practice of most mineral processing plants in the past has been to focus on process optimization in order to selectively target and recover the valuable mineral species in the most economical way possible, with minor consideration of environmental outcomes occurring further downstream (Ndlovu et al., 2017). However, strict environmental legislature and the associated health and safety impacts on local communities has made these companies realize that they needs to be a paradigm shift on waste production and management with focus being to minimize or eliminate waste production (Ndlovu et al., 2017). In addition, the growing demand for metals, sustainability and concerns for the environment has led to an increasing focus on reclaiming metals from waste. Similarly, an improvement in commodity prices can further fuel interest in the reprocessing of waste for the extraction of metals and minerals. All these have led to the advent of the so-called green and land fill mining phenomena which have already gained momentum in Europe, Canada and Australia (Wagner and Raymond, 2015; Watson et al., 2016). Landfill mining is a concept where minerals or metals contained in waste materials that had previously been disposed of are extracted for resource recovery (Krook et al., 2012).
Zero-Ewaste
Published in Atiq Zaman, Tahmina Ahsan, Zero-Waste, 2019
The concept of ‘landfill mining’ and ‘urban mining’ have evolved in recent years as a result of realizing the potentials of the economic benefit of mining resources from waste. In landfill mining, the activities of extraction and process of wastes are limited in particular kinds of landfill deposits i.e. municipal landfills, mine tailings, etc., whereas in urban mining the activities extend to the process of reclaiming compounds and elements from any kind of anthropogenic stock, including buildings, infrastructure, industries, products (in and out of use), environmental media receiving anthropogenic emissions, etc. (Baccini & Brunner, 2012; Lederer, Laner, Fellner, & Recheberger, 2014).
Modern Energy Recovery from Renewable Landfill or Bio-Covers of Landfills
Published in Sunil Kumar, Zengqiang Zhang, Mukesh Kumar Awasthi, Ronghua Li, Biological Processing of Solid Waste, 2019
Rena, Gautam Pratibha, Sunil Kumar
Landfill mining is the process where the solid wastes that were previously landfilled are excavated and processed. It is an integrated part of a renewable landfill’s operational cycle. The excavated material is processed and recycled up to its maximum extent, and the land is again utilized for landfilling fresh waste. The process and techniques of excavation have not changed much for decades, and they resemble surface mining, colloquially called dig and haul. The following types of machinery are used in landfill mining: Cactus grab crane: It collects the waste samples up to maximum depth of landfill.Excavator: It uncovers the landfilled materials and places them on a conveyor belt, which takes them to sorting machinery.Trommel: It separates materials by size. Larger trommels separate materials like appliances and fabrics; smaller ones allow biodegradable soil fraction to pass through, leaving recyclable materials on screen to be collected.Front end loader: It moves sorted materials to trucks for further processing.Odor control sprayers: They are tractors with a cab having movable spray arm mounted on rotating platform.Air classifier: It separates light organic material from heavy organic material.
Innovating traditional building materials in Chembe, Malawi: assessing post-consumer waste glass and burnt clay bricks for performance and circularity
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
Noredine Mahdjoub, Marc Kalina, Alex Augustine, Elizabeth Tilley
Landfill mining is one of the many concepts that have emerged within waste management discourse to refer to the recovery, recycling and extraction of resources from waste. Specifically, landfill mining represents the activities involved in extracting and processing wastes which have been previously stocked in particular kinds of deposits (municipal landfills, tailing ponds, etc.) (Cossu and Williams 2015). In this regard, it is distinct from urban mining which looks to reclaim valuable elements from any type of anthropogenic stocks, such as industrial sites, buildings, infrastructure, etc. (Koutamanis, van Reijn, and van Bueren 2018). Like most material recovery schemes, the suitability of landfill mining is usually rooted in its economic feasibility, and, as such, it has historically been utilised to recover high-value elements (rare metals from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) or phosphorous from sewage ash, for instance). However, as Cossu and Williams (2015) note, there is significant scope for recovery from a broader range of waste streams than are currently utilised. Nonetheless, landfill mining (and most material recovery and circular economy strategies, for that matter), have largely been developed within the Global North for Global North waste management and socio-economic systems.