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Random Vibration: Probabilistic Forces
Published in Haym Benaroya, Mark Nagurka, Seon Han, Mechanical Vibration, 2017
Haym Benaroya, Mark Nagurka, Seon Han
Intraplate earthquakes occur within plate interiors where they are not perfectly rigid. In some cases, for example in Hawaii, these earthquakes are associated with intraplate volcanism. These are studied, generally, to provide data about where and how the plate tectonic model does not fully describe tectonic processes.
Groundwater level and temperature changes following the great Tangshan earthquake of 1976 near the epicenter
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2023
Yuchuan Ma, Guangcai Wang, Zheming Shi, Rui Yan, Huaizhong Yu
The great earthquake of 1976 occurred in the south of Tangshan. The earthquake is a large continental intraplate earthquake. The highest intensity affected by the earthquake is XI on the Chinese intensity scale, and the intensity in Tangshan City is XI. The surface rupture zone generated by the earthquake is 8–11 km long and is mainly distributed along the Tangshan-Guye fault, which strikes ∼ N30°E (Figure 1). The horizontal displacement is up to 2.3 m in a right-lateral strike-slip sense. The northwest side was raised, and the vertical displacement was up to 0.7 m (Guo et al. 1977; Yang 1982; Du et al. 1985). Some further investigations have revealed that the surface rupture zone extended southward with a total length of more than 47 km (Qiu et al. 2005; Jiang 2006; Guo et al. 2011). The largest aftershock with a magnitude of MS=7.1 occurred ∼15 h after the main shock near Luanxian, a county ∼45 km northeast of Tangshan. Other aftershocks are distributed in an elliptical area 50 km wide and 140 km long, and the direction of the long axis of the ellipse is ∼ N50°E.
Site-specific response of a 5 MW offshore wind turbine for Gujarat Coast of India
Published in Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2022
During the Eocene–Paleocene periods, when the Indian plate collided with the Reunion plume, the North-Western Deccan Volcanic Province (NWDVP) in India experienced major tectonic shifts, resulting in massive eruptions. Because of the high seismic activity, this region is one of the most vulnerable intraplate earthquake zones on the planet (Singh et al. 2019). The NWDVP of India can be physiographically divided into three parts, namely Kachchh, Saurashtra and mainland Gujarat (Singh and Mishra 2015; Singh et al. 2017, 2019). During the Mesozoic period, all three rift basins emerged with three major Precambrian tectonic trends separating them. The Precambrian trends are: the NNW-SSE Dharwar trend, the ENE-WSW Satpura trend and the NE-SW Delhi-Aravalli trend. (Biswas 1987; Dasgupta et al. 2000). The Nagar Parkar Fault (NPF) to the north and the North Kathiawar Fault (NKF) to the south define the boundaries of the Kachchh rift basin. The Kachchh rift basin’s faults are mostly E-W trending, with the Kachchh Mainland Fault (KMF) serving as the basin’s core axis. The Kachchh rift basin, which is 300 km long and 200 km wide is the most seismically active, with two known large intraplate earthquakes in the recent past: the 1819 earthquake on the Allah Bund Fault (ABF) (Mw = 7.8) to the north and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (Mw = 7.7) in the eastern part of the KMF. The 2001 Bhuj earthquake caused approximately USD 10 billion economic loss and as high as 13,819 deaths (Gupta et al. 2001; Rastogi et al. 2001).
Past large earthquakes on the Alpine Fault: paleoseismological progress and future directions
Published in New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 2018
Jamie D. Howarth, Ursula A. Cochran, Robert M. Langridge, Kate Clark, Sean J. Fitzsimons, Kelvin Berryman, Pilar Villamor, Delia T. Strong
Although it is not possible to make meaningful correlations between specific event ages from the onshore and offshore records due to the broad probability density functions characteristic of the offshore data, it is noteworthy that the number and general timing of events agree between the terrestrial John O’Groats site and the northern most turbidite record at George Basin (Figure 9). The increase in the frequency of shaking southward can be attributed to either ruptures on the subduction interface, increased segmentation of the Alpine Fault and hence increased propensity for rupture terminations or a combination of both. The presence of excess 210Pb in the most recent one to two turbidites in each basin suggests post AD 1854 shaking events that probably relate to the 2003 MW 7.2 Fiordland interface earthquake and the 1993 MW 6.8 Secretary Island intraplate earthquake (Barnes et al. 2013), demonstrating that sources other than the Alpine Fault contribute to the turbidite generated shaking record.