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Frame and infill construction
Published in Mayine L. Yu, Skins, Envelopes, and Enclosures, 2013
Whatever the infill material used to fill an exposed framing system, the material must be designed to accommodate global structural movements as well as any expansion of the infill material itself. Though we generally consider a brick-and-mortar infill to be solid and durable, it still responds to thermal swings over daily and yearly cycles by expanding and contracting according to its inherent thermal coefficient of expansion. The natural properties of metal dictate an even higher thermal expansion coefficient, so exposed slab projects such as the apartment building constructed by Jean Prouvé in Paris (Figure 4.18), in the Fifth Arrondissement, must include a slip joint to permit expansion of the infill material without construction. Deflection at head of the infill must also accommodate live load and any other building frame movements. These include creep, from longterm curing of concrete frame; global building movements from wind or other lateral forces due to building geometry; live loads that might cause downward movement from the structure above; as well as seismic loads in areas of the world where this is required. Seismic design for masonry typically also requires restraint of some kind at the head, such as staggered steel angles, to keep the infill wall from tipping over while still accommodating structural deflection from above.
Investigation of soil plug formation in hollow piles using PIV technique
Published in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2023
The stages of the approach followed for the experimental investigation are: Characterisation of infill material to estimate its physical properties.Plane strain modelling of calibration chamber (Parkin and Lunne 1982).Modelling of pile dimensions (Wood 2002).Selection of hammer mass for Impact loading (Wood 2002).Evaluation of infill deformation through Image analysis: This involves: Extraction of digital photos using digital single-lens reflex camera .Estimation of Incremental Filling Ratio, Soil plug length, and Pile drivability under varying relative densities,pile diameters, and hammer energies.The output from stage 6 is analysed using Geo-PIV (MATLAB subroutine) for determining soil deformations.Compare the influence of different diameter piles on infill deformations in terms of strain parameters and displacement vectors.
Modeling and Seismic Response Analysis of Italian Code-Conforming Reinforced Concrete Buildings
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2018
Paolo Ricci, Vincenzo Manfredi, Fabrizio Noto, Marco Terrenzi, Crescenzo Petrone, Francesca Celano, Maria Teresa De Risi, Guido Camata, Paolo Franchin, Gennaro Magliulo, Angelo Masi, Fabrizio Mollaioli, Enrico Spacone, Gerardo M. Verderame
The logic of Conditions (ii) and (iii) is as follows: damage to the infill panels is still easily and economically repairable without building use interruption if a relatively low (less than 50%) proportion of the infills shows extensive cracking, and if no infill has reached a damage extent deemed uneconomical to repair. Fig. 4 reports a schematic representation of Condition (ii) and Condition (iii). Note that these displacements are affected by both the uncertainty in the identification of the corresponding damage thresholds with respect to the characteristic points of infills’ response, and the inherent uncertainty in infills’ modeling.