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Spanning Surfaces and Shapes
Published in Rob Whitehead, Structures by Design, 2019
Two folded patterns that would solve the storm water issue, allow ample daylighting, and produce interesting and efficient forms are the Herringbone pattern and the Yoshimura pattern. The Herringbone pattern has a zigzag corrugation in two directions—the arch-shaped profile goes up and down in a series of triangular planes and the transverse section alternates valleys and ridges. The pattern is made of symmetrical trapezoids that form a herringbone tessellation. There are plenty of vertical triangular surfaces atop the structure that could be to skylights. The perimeter would need to be supported by buttressed columns or the folds’ spacing would have to be spread out enough to accommodate the overhead doors on the sides.
Parametric study to investigate the deflection and stress behaviour of Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2022
R. T. Arjun Siva Rathan, V. Sunitha, V. Anusudha
The effect of block patterns is a crucial parameter that affects the structural performance of ICBP. The study was carried out using three different laying patterns, namely herringbone, stretcher and basketweave. Figure 6(a–c) represents the deflection profile and load–displacement curve of ICBP. The results showed that the deflection profile for the herringbone pattern is different from that of other patterns. The herringbone pattern exhibited a wider profile representing that the applied stress was dissipated horizontally due to enhanced interlocking behaviour. The test result confirmed that the herringbone bond shows lower deflection when compared to other laying patterns. The herringbone pattern exhibited a lower deflection value of 0.452 mm followed by stretcher and basketweave pattern with a deflection value of 0.636 mm and 0.771 mm respectively as shown in Table 7. It was found that the deflection values reduced by 49.6% when compared to 10–30 kN load and 40–60 kN load. This showed that the load dissipation is higher with the increase in applied load. Unlike flexible and rigid pavements ICBP experienced a reduction in the deflection with the increase in load. The percentage of reduction in deflection of herringone bond with respect to stretcher and basketweave bond were observed as 26.93% and 41.37% respectively. The load–displacement curve showed a nonlinear pattern and it was noteworthy that the curve was different from the results from the analysis of the effect of block shape and block thickness. The difference in the deflection values were initiated from the initial loading of 10kN, i.e. the deviation in the starting of the curve for the effect of block shape and thickness is almost the same or closer to 30kN, whereas the deviation is wider incase of laying pattern. This emphasised that the influence of the interlocking mechanism of the ICBP initiated from 10 kN initial load. Therefore, it was concluded that herringbone pattern plays a significant role in the deflection behaviour of ICBP. Rada et al. (1990) stated that the herringbone pattern performs better than stretcher and basketweave pattern as both the stretcher and herringbone tend to creep towards the traffic. The findings from the experimental result that the herringbone pattern is the best laying pattern was widely accepted by most of the researchers (Gunatilake & Mampearachchi, 2019; Jamshidi et al., 2019; Knapton, 1992; Lin et al., 2016; Shackel, 1984).