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Study on properties related to energy recovery from waste streams in Finland
Published in Cândida Vilarinho, Fernando Castro, Maria de Lurdes Lopes, WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II, 2017
E. Sermyagina, M. Nikku, E. Vakkilainen, T. Hyppänen
The results obtained in the current study for different fractions of municipal and industrial wastes are compared with the ones available in the literature in Figure 2. Green waste consists of grass, leaves and kitchen garbage. The comparison of the volatile matter against the fixed carbon content for each sample presents a simple classification of different waste streams. The presented data illustrates the significant heterogeneity between the typical wastes: origin, treatment and utilization methods of the initial material can affect considerably on the chemical properties of the generated waste. It can be noted that even for materials with the same origin (for instance paper materials and woody wastes) there are certain differences in the chemical composition among them due the processing.
Automation and Collection of Garden Waste of the Plants
Published in Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, P.S. Ranjit, Dolly Sharma, Futuristic Sustainable Energy and Technology, 2022
Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Dharam Buddhi, Shaik Vaseem Akram, Amit Thakur, Mohammed Ismail Iqbal, Mohammed Faisal
Garden waste (or green waste) is waste generating from the leaves, bark, tress, twigs and branches. Garden waste contributes around 13.1% of the total waste. The effective management of garden waste delivers the enough new product from it, where it can be utilized for nutrition enhancement of the soil. At present garden waste of the private household is managed by waste management authorities in two distinct paths namely kerbside collection and individual drop off by the citizens at the recycling centre. The kerbside collection is operated by the private management unit, here they will allot the brown bins to the citizens who have subscribed for it. Brown bins are cleared at prescribed time interval by the private management unit and they are charging fixed amount for collecting the waste. In some cases, the collection authorities are visiting to the bins to collect the partially filled bins and also 85% of amount is spend on the collection and transportation. The measurement of the amount of waste and the weight of waste within bins helps to refine compiling routes and improve compiling skills. However, this management system can be enhanced by providing intelligence and communication to the bin, to transmit the information about the bins and monitoring the bins. Inorder of monitoring the bins without human intervention, Internet of Things (IoT) is the feasible solution for garden waste management. With the availability of wide range of smart sensors and communication protocols, the IoT is widespread in every field for the implementation of real time monitoring on digital platform. In IoT, the bins require a communication protocol that manages to the transmits the status of the bins over internet protocol (IP).
Evaluation of the Applicability of Draft National Norms and Standards for Organic Waste Composting to Composting Facilities on Landfill Sites
Published in Linda Godfrey, Johann F Görgens, Henry Roman, Opportunities for Biomass and Organic Waste Valorisation, 2020
Green waste, as a resource to produce compost, is available within the boundaries of local municipalities and could be used for composting, provided there is enough green waste available from municipal gardens and residential areas to make it sustainable. This availability varies from region to region depending on climatic area and waste composition (Taiwo, 2011). In India, the organic fraction of the solid waste is estimated at 40% to 85% (Zurbrügg et al., 2004). According to Williams (1998), the compostable content of the waste stream in the United Kingdom can be as high as 60% if paper, cardboard and putrescibles are included.
Formulation and use of manufactured soils: A major use for organic and inorganic wastes
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
R. J. Haynes, Y.-F. Zhou, X. Weng
Green waste compost is the organic product most employed in bulk manufactured soils used for landscaping and in land rehabilitation because the material produced in large quantities in most cities. (O’Shea, 2020; WRAP, 2020a, 2020b). Green waste consists of shredded tree wood and bark, prunings from young trees and shrubs, green and dead leaves, grass clippings and some soil and originates from municipal parks, gardens and reserves as well as domestic dwellings (Haynes et al., 2015; Reyes-Torres et al., 2018). Woody material is shredded either on-site where trees are being felled/pruned or at the composting plant. The shredded material is then typically sieved and the bulk of the material (<20–50 mm dia.) is composted sometimes with the addition of more easily decomposable organic material (Adams et al., 2008; Slater & Frederickson, 2001).
Influence of biowaste compost amendment on soil organic carbon storage under arid climate
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2019
Ali Mekki, Fathi Aloui, Sami Sayadi
Green waste consists of a range of materials, including tree wood and bark, prunings from young trees and shrubs, dead and green leaves, and grass clippings, and it originates from domestic dwellings and municipal parks, gardens, and reserves (Bartali and Belmakki, 2013). According to Kadam et al. (2000), in most cities in the developed world, green waste is collected separately from other wastes and is mechanically shredded and then composted, either alone or with other organic wastes. It is used in products such as garden mulch, organic soil amendment, garden compost, and soilless potting media (Eurostat, 2005).
Empirical research on sustainable supply chains: IJPR’s contribution and research avenues
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
Kelsey M. Taylor, Stephan Vachon
Among the market barriers identified in the literature are a lack of information about green waste diversion or disposal methods (Simpson 2010), high short-term costs involved in investing in green technology (Mittal and Sangwan 2014), and an insufficient supply of the technologies and equipment actually required for environmental enhancements (Jabbour et al. 2016). As green technologies continue to increase in popularity, some of these issues may begin to resolve themselves and open green investments up to underserved markets, like SMEs.