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Dynamic Loading on Structures and Structural Response
Published in Suhasini Madhekar, Vasant Matsagar, Passive Vibration Control of Structures, 2022
Suhasini Madhekar, Vasant Matsagar
To compare the effect of near-fault and far-fault earthquake ground motions, seismic parameters, such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), Arias intensity (AI), cumulative absolute velocity (CAV), and root mean square (RMS) of acceleration, are crucial. Earthquake magnitude and epicentral distanceThe magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of energy released during the earthquake event. The energy released can be an effective factor on selecting ground motion of the regions, where past seismic data is not available. Epicentral distance is related to the soil strata, through which the seismic waves travel, affecting their speed.Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA)PGA is a measure of earthquake acceleration on ground. The peak horizontal ground acceleration is most commonly used in design codes and considered the most common intensity parameter used in design under earthquake hazard. In an earthquake, damage to buildings and infrastructure is related more closely to the characteristics of ground motion, rather than the magnitude of the earthquake. For moderate earthquakes, PGA is usually the best determinant of damage, whereas in severe earthquakes, damage is more often correlated with PGV.
Seismic liquefaction of soil
Published in John G.Z.Q. Wang, K. Tim Law, Siting in earthquake zones, 2022
For a seismic event, there is a maximum epicentral distance beyond which the earthquake effects are no longer strong enough to trigger liquefaction. By summing up hundreds of liquefaction case histories that occurred in the past several hundred years, the following relationship is obtained [38]: () Δmax=0.82×100.862(M−5)
Ground Motion Models for Non-Spectral Intensity Measures Based on the Iranian Database
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2022
Predictive equations for Arias intensity, CAV and ground motion durations (including significant, bracketed, and uniform durations) are proposed using updated Iranian seismic ground motion data. The models have been developed for earthquakes with a magnitude between Mw = 3.5 and 7.7 recorded at distances less than 200 km. For the majority of large earthquakes, the Joyner – Boore distance is used to develop ground motion models. When the fault geometry is unavailable, which is the case for most small earthquakes, the epicentral distance is used instead of Joyner – Boore distance. Site classes in terms of Vs30, as well as style of faulting are considered in the proposed model.