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Analytical Approach to Sustainable Smart City Using IoT and Machine Learning
Published in Rashmi Agrawal, Marcin Paprzycki, Neha Gupta, Big Data, IoT, and Machine Learning, 2020
Syed Imtiyaz Hassan, Parul Agarwal
In Berrone et al (2018), the authors put forward an approach that can be used for the computation of smart city indices, although they chose indicators that are heterogeneous, and include vast amounts of information. The paper is concerned with the calculation of allocated weights and the approach used here is totally based on fuzzy logic for the considered indicators. The authors (Gandhinagar Municipal Corporation 2015) presented the paper with a new concept of ubiquitous-eco-city (u-eco-city) and concentrate on whether u-eco city is an astounding smart and sustainable city that represents an ultimate twenty-first-century city model or just a branding deception. Eco-city proposals what is aspired to in the twenty-first century. Eco-cities are considered as zero-carbon, carbon-neutral, low-carbon, ubiquitous-eco and sustainable, highlighting their position regarding sustainability.
Response from the National Governments
Published in Prasad Modak, Environmental Management towards Sustainability, 2018
Governments started responding to this challenge by conceptualizing Eco-Cities that were designed to utilize minimal energy, water, conserve available resources including harnessing urban biodiversity and release minimal wastes, emissions and residues through reuse, recycle and recovery. Apart from the green field cities where these principles were applied, urban revival or transformational projects were also undertaken, especially for Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities. Different governments set different themes and guidelines for eco-cities. Some focus on green technologies, on information, communications and technologies (ICT) based smart systems, green infrastructure or on social inclusivity. Accordingly, programs like GrEEN cities (promoted by Asian Development Bank), ECO2Cities (conceived by the World Bank) and Sustainable Cities (UN HABITAT) were launched in partnership with the national governments. More recently, programs like solar cities, smart cities, and climate resilient cities have come about focusing on reducing GHG emissions and the vulnerability due to climate change.
Green as urban spectacle in China
Published in Federico Caprotti, Li Yu, Sustainable Cities in Asia, 2017
As second- and third-tier cities compete for National Model City status, the top-tier cities with more political clout and financial resources have begun building flagship eco-city projects. The largest eco-city projects are found in megacities, such as Dongtan in Shanghai (stalled since 2008), Tianjin eco-city (under construction) and Caofeidian in Hebei province, near Beijing (in the planning phase). These eco-city projects often involve an international network of consultants, planners and sustainability experts (financed by both domestic and foreign sources) and receive strong political support from central ministries as well as provincial and municipal governments. Eco-cities are intended to serve as role models for sustainable urban living in the future, by experimenting with cutting-edge environmental technologies and promoting harmony between humans, non-humans and nature. In spite of these ambitious ideals, the vision for eco-cities is in reality defined exclusively by a small circle of elites (including local governments, foreign investors and international sustainability experts) (Rapoport 2014) with little participation by the city’s current or future residents.
Mapping the first decade of circular economy research: a bibliometric network analysis
Published in Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 2021
Mohamad Alnajem, Mohamed M. Mostafa, Ahmed R ElMelegy
Along with China, the European Union (EU) holds a leading position in CE research. Türkeli et al. (2018) conducted a bibliometric analysis to study the evolution of scientific research on CE from 2006 to 2016. They demonstrated that most productive CE research has been conducted in Europe and China with the main themes of energy analysis and indicators, resource efficiency, food waste, zero waste, eco-cities, lifestyle, and governance (Türkeli et al., 2018). Ferreira Gregorio et al. (2018) also applied a bibliometric analysis to study and identify trends in bioeconomy (BIO), green economy (GE), and CE concepts. Their study showed that CE represents the highest number of publications accounting for 47% of publications, followed by GE (37%) and BIO (16%). Furthermore, they conclude that CE prevails in Europe and China, GE has more focus in the global context, and BIO is popular in Europe but has little impact in Asia and the USA (Ferreira Gregorio et al., 2018).
Design with voids: how inverted urbanism can increase urban resilience
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2018
Many so-called eco-cities, and even within this category there are numerous definitions (Roggema 2016a), do not appear to face up to the impending realities of a very different future in which catastrophic events are inevitable. Some eco-cities focus on a certain aspect of sustainability, be it resources, social aspects or knowledge (Roggema 2017), while others have used sustainability as a (marketing) tool to sell a business-as-usual package of sustainable development features, such as Masdar and Dongtan (DesignBuild Network, undated; Williams 2009; DiStasio 2016; Jansen 2017) while ignoring completely patently game-changing aspects of the future that may well render them obsolete such as extreme sea level rises, higher temperatures and oil depletion. Despite the fact that many eco-cities promote their support of sustainable urban development, this does not in reality, necessarily render a development sustainable (Williams 2010).