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Development Investments at Container Terminals in the Case of Cargo Congestion
Published in Adam Weintrit, Tomasz Neumann, Safety of Sea Transportation, 2017
Considering extended gateways dry ports cannot be not mentioned. They can be a part of extended gateways like on ECT, but can only be a part of sea terminal. Basically purposes of dry ports are quite similar to other container terminals, but dry port is not only a container terminal. Firstly they are directly connected with port mostly by rail but also by road. Dry ports are the most advanced type of inland terminals, so they can be said to be a part of port, but moved into hinterland. They are a point where different modes of transport meets and cargo can be transshipped, cleared through customs and shipped directly to port. They can be discussed as extended gateways that shipper can see as adequate terminal to port what is the main difference between dry port and inland terminal. Their main clue is to be a terminal, which release sea terminal from cargo congestion. Dry port is terminal directly connected by rail with one or several ports and serve all logistics facilities that are needed to forwarding and shipping container such as custom clearance, transshipment, containers handling and reparations, storage of containers and many more (Trainaviciute, Bentzen, Caruso, Laugesen, 2009).
Mathematical Approaches for Finding a Dry Port Optimum Location on the Level of Intermodal Transport Networks
Published in Adam Weintrit, Marine Navigation, 2017
Over time many definitions of the concept of “dry port” have been formulated, but a comprehensive definition was offered by Roso in 2008: “a dry port is an inland intermodal terminal directly connected to a seaport by large means of transport (at least two different modes of transport), where customers can leave / pick up their standardized merchandise just like in a seaport” (Roso, 2008).
Safety by design
Published in Maria Chiara Leva, Tom Kontogiannis, Marko Gerbec, Olga Aneziris, Total Safety and the Productivity Challenge, 2019
Gemma Dolores Molero, Francisco Enrique Santarremigia, Pablo Aragonés-Beltrán, Juan-Pascual Pastor-Ferrando
Dry ports, also known as inland terminals, inland ports or inland freight terminals, are intermodal terminal facilities in the hinterland, directly connected to seaports and where customers manage their goods as they would do in the seaport (Roso 2007).
A two-phase model for sustainable location of dry ports: a case of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in China
Published in Transportation Planning and Technology, 2023
The dry port is a general transport facility based on intermodal transport from inland terminals to seaports (Tsao and Thanh 2019). In the traditional transportation mode, goods are directly transported from different places to the seaport. Because of different distances and scattered goods sources in each place, traditional transportation methods can easily cause high costs and traffic congestion. Due to the collection function of dry ports, goods can be consolidated in the dry ports and then transported to the seaports. In addition, railway transportation is usually used between dry ports and seaports. However, goods being moved from a general transport facility to a seaport are usually transported by road, which increases the transportation cost and environmental pollution. Dry ports are designed to be an effective solution to relieve traffic congestion and the significant environmental impacts resulting from the growth in maritime transport volumes, and they can also effectively reduce freight costs in inland areas. Hence, the dry port has garnered much attention from governments and researchers worldwide.
Improving competitiveness level of Turkish intermodal ports in the Frame of Green Port Concept: a case study
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2020
Selim Aksoy, Yalcin Durmusoglu
Jia et al. (2017) construct a port connectivity index for major Norwegian ports based on a unique dataset derived from the automated identification system for multiple vessel types over a 7-year period. Jeevan, Chen, and Lee (2015) address different factors that affect the operation of dry ports in Malaysia such as the ability to use the existing rail network rather than building a new private rail, the attractiveness of the public–private partnership in the construction of intermodal terminals, and the high-quality professional workforce that provides timely handling. Roso (2013) proposes to consider infrastructure factors such as the effect of special time windows provided by railway operators as a result of her meeting with the dry port operator in Australia. Roso, Woxenius, and Lumsden (2009) define three dry port categories; distant, midrange and close. Their findings reveal that dry ports have positive impacts to reduce cargo transportation density by road in a much more environmentally friendly way. Roso (2008) investigates barriers to dry port implementation and finds that infrastructure, land use, environment and regulations are the most common factors obstructing dry port implementation. Jaržemskis and Vasiliauskas (2007) clarify the role and functions of dry ports as a newly introduced concept and propose cooperation with ports to create a win-win situation, presenting the dry-port concept as a solution to reduce port complexity and bottlenecks.
Mitigative and adaptive investments for natural disasters and labor strikes in a seaport–dry port inland logistics network
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2020
Maritime transport chains employ considerably large ships to deal with increasing demands and facilitate low unit costs (Cullinane and Khanna 2000). With large vessels at the gateway ports, hinterland operations must improve to completely achieve economies of scale. Despite heavy investments, seaport congestion remains a severe problem that lowers the efficiency of the hinterland transport sector. Accordingly, dry ports have been introduced to relieve seaport congestion. These ports function as buffers in the entire maritime supply chain. A dry port is also referred to as intermodal freight center, inland port, inland clearance depot and container freight station (Beresford and Dubey 1990; Roso, Woxenius, and Lumsden 2009). A dry port can be defined as an inland intermodal terminal that is directly connected to seaports with high-capacity transport corridors, where customers can directly leave or pickup their standardized units similar to a seaport (Roso, Woxenius, and Lumsden 2009; Qiu, Lam, and Huang 2015). Typical examples of dry ports include the Isaka dry port in Tanzania, Eskilstuna dry port in Sweden and Xi’an dry port in China (Roso and Lumsden 2010; Beresford et al., 2012).