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Impact of climate change on railway construction, maintenance and safety in the United Kingdom
Published in Inge Hoff, Helge Mork, Rabbira Garba Saba, Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, Volume 2, 2022
Nicholas DeVinne, Robert DeBold, Michael C. Forde, Carlton L. Ho
Despite overwhelming evidence of the increase in risk to railway infrastructure, there is a lack of clear strategy in the UK to meet this threat. Numerous studies have identified those risks, but quantitative recommendations for adaptation and response are limited. An independent report published in 2014 exposed the inadequacy of Network Rail’s climate response. Most of Network Rail’s priorities for mitigating climate change are investigatory, with the company “not…actively preparing adaptation plans” (Dora 2014). Similar assessments of Network Rail’s lack of preparedness are given in 2016 by the Institution of Civil Engineers and most recently in 2020 by Wang et. al., identifying an overall paucity of widespread adaptation. Climate resilience for the transportation industry is defined as “the capacity of the transportation system to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from the effects of a climate event in a required period and cost of recovery” (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2012). However, responses to climate change are mainly reactionary, with little in the way of improving readiness for future impacts. There is a focus on “day-to-day concerns at the expense of anticipation and transversality” (Depoues 2017).
Integrating Blue Carbon into Sustainable and Resilient Coastal Development
Published in Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Stephen Crooks, Tiffany G. Troxler, A Blue Carbon Primer, 2018
Stephen Crooks, Christine May, Ryan Whisnant, Michelle Orr
Fundamentally, goals of sustainable management of coastal resources, including BCEs and climate change adaptation, are fully compatible. As highlighted in Table 19.2, there are steps that countries can take to build awareness, facilitate knowledge exchange, and accelerate practical actions. BCE restoration and conservation, natural infrastructure approaches, and other management actions are occurring around the world at an accelerated pace and at growing scales. There is a need to connect, share and mainstream these activities into coastal and climate resilience planning. Likewise, there is a need to better promote the many benefits of blue carbon and natural infrastructure, not only in general terms, but in ways that are meaningful to both scientists and communities and decision makers. While more research is needed to improve the quantification of ecosystem services providing by BCEs and natural infrastructure, best practice guidance can already be developed, allowing for steps forward in managing uncertainty and adaptive learning. Finally, and critically, there will be a need for increased financial investment in activities that support nature-based climate resilience and divestment away from unsustainable practices.
Environment
Published in Suzanne K. Kearns, Fundamentals of International Aviation, 2018
In 2016, the Paris Agreement came into effect, enhancing the powers of the UNFCCC. The goal of the Paris Agreement is to commit the world to lower GHGs emissions while boosting clean energy businesses. The specific aims of the Paris Agreement are to hold the global average temperature increase to well below two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels;increase the ability to adapt to adverse impacts of climate change and to foster climate resilience and low GHG emissions development without threatening food production;make financial pathways that support low GHG emissions and climate-resilient development. Climate-resilient development includes early warning systems, emergency preparedness, risk-assessment and management, among other things.21 To meet these three aims, States are to undertake ambitious efforts that demonstrate a progression over time, while recognizing that developing States require support to implement these goals. This agreement also introduces nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to be reviewed in 2023 and every five years thereafter, and recorded in a public registry. Although the Paris Agreement does not impose punishments upon States, the public disclosure of NDCs creates a ‘name and shame’ system to highlight and encourage governments to take environmental protection actions.
Built environment transformation in Nigeria: the effects of a regenerative framework
Published in Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2023
Oluwagbemiga Paul Agboola, Badr Saad Alotaibi, Yakubu Aminu Dodo, Mohammed Awad Abuhussain, Maher Abuhussain
Overcoming the obstacles posed by climate change and environmental hazards requires concerted efforts to achieve ecological sustainability and the SDGs (NEST, 2003; Yuen & Kumssa, 2011; Zhang et al., 2015; Mauree et al., 2019). As a result, the imperative for environmental sustainability is confronted by the challenges posed by climate change, which are recognised as the primary hurdles confronting humanity (UNEP 2013; Mauree et al., 2019). Other key strategies include: (i) climate resilience planning, which integrates climate resilience considerations into urban planning processes, incorporating green infrastructure, sustainable water management systems, and climate-responsive design, (ii) mitigation and adaptation that concern implementation measures to reduce GHG emissions and enhance adaptive capacity to mitigate the impacts of climate change. This includes transitioning to renewable energy, promoting energy efficiency, and implementing nature-based solutions for climate resilience.
Effect of functional unit and processing types on carbon footprint and specific energy consumption assessment of Thailand tableware products
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
Phairat Usubharatana, Harnpon Phungrassami
Thailand’s climate change master plan (2015–2050) (ONEP 2015) is developed to drive and help the country to achieve climate change commitment by 2050. One of the core missions is building climate resilience by integrating policies and measures in all sectors (Misila, Winyuchakrit, and Limmeechokchai 2020). The forecast for GHG emissions of ceramic tableware in Thailand was evaluated based on 3 years of available historical statistic data. Table 7 presents the number of sales in Thailand between 2016‒2018. Production focused on domestic sales at 17% and export sales at 83%. As shown in Table 7, the number of sales compared to 2016 (as a reference) increased at a ratio of 1.0 for 2017 and 1.2 for 2018. It was found that the number of sales increased near the maximum capacity (4,810 tonnes/month) (OIE (The Office of Industrial Economics) 2019). Further, it was estimated that the number of sales would reach the maximum capacity by 2019. Therefore, the estimated GHG emissions of ceramic tableware in Thailand totalled 147,000 tonnes of CO2eq per year in 2019 (average GHG emissions as 2.55 kgCO2eq/kg). Moreover, the production capacity was predicted to reach 126,000 tonnes per year based on the Master Plan for the Ceramics and Glass Industry (SRI (Social Ressearch Institute) 2002; Chuenwong, Sajjakulnukit, and Chiarakorn 2019). Therefore the predicted volume of sales was estimated in terms of the planned production capacity at the end of 2030, as shown in Figure 5. Thus, GHG emissions were estimated to be 320,000 tonnes of CO2eq per year at maximum capacity by 2030.
The impact of climate hazards to airport systems: a synthesis of the implications and risk mitigation trends
Published in Transport Reviews, 2023
Asimina Voskaki, Thomas Budd, Keith Mason
Examining how airports respond to existing climate challenges and evaluating the effectiveness of their response constitute essential aspects in identifying weaknesses in an airport's adaptive capacity. A holistic approach to increasing climate resilience requires focused research on how climate change will likely impact airports already demonstrating vulnerability and new potential risks. Considering the underlying uncertainties relating to climate change, one significant but often overlooked aspect is how climate risk is understood and analysed, as this will influence the prioritisation of actions and the overall ability to facilitate targeted climate resilience initiatives.