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Water Treatment
Published in Carl Bozzuto, Boiler Operator's Handbook, 2021
Scale formation coats the heat exchange surfaces of the boiler to act like a heat insulator. The scale, being on the inner surface of the boiler tubes, separates the water and the metal so that the water cannot cool themetal. When enough scale builds up, the metal overheats and fails. The various water treatment processes serve to prevent corrosion and scale formation by pretreatment, which changes the corrosive and scale forming properties of the water before it gets into the boiler, and chemical treatment, which changes the properties of the feed water and boiler water.
Understanding and Managing Boilers
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Wayne C. Turner, William J. Kennedy, Guide to Energy Management, 2020
Barney L. Capehart, Wayne C. Turner, William J. Kennedy
In addition to an economizer, another auxiliary that is present in most boilers is some kind of water treatment unit. Water treatment is necessary to control the acidity in the boiler water and to remove dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide. Both objectives can be accomplished with the use of chemicals inserted into the boiler feed water through a chemical feeder; a mechanical deaerator system with a surge tank for excess feed water is often used as well. The purpose of water treatment is to keep the acidity of the water at the right levels to reduce corrosion and scale buildup in the piping system. The purposes of the surge tank are to recover condensate that is hot and has already been chemically treated and to keep surges in condensate from damaging the boiler.
Understanding and Managing Boilers
Published in Barney L. Capehart, William J. Kennedy, Wayne C. Turner, Guide to Energy Management, 2020
Barney L. Capehart, William J. Kennedy, Wayne C. Turner
In addition to an economizer, another auxiliary that is present in most boilers is some kind of water treatment unit. Water treatment is necessary to control the acidity in the boiler water and to remove dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide. Both objectives can be accomplished with the use of chemicals inserted into the boiler feed water through a chemical feeder; a mechanical deaerator system with a surge tank for excess feed water is often used as well. The purpose of water treatment is to keep the acidity of the water at the right levels to reduce corrosion and scale buildup in the piping system. The purposes of the surge tank are to recover condensate that is hot and has already been chemically treated and to keep surges in condensate from damaging the boiler.
Numerical Analysis on the Flow Instability of a 700 °C Ultra-Supercritical Tower Boiler
Published in Heat Transfer Engineering, 2023
Tiantian Niu, Lingfeng Bi, Chao Nie, Haoyu Yang, Hao Qing, Dong Yang
Figure 6 shows the winding method of the spiral pipe coil of the boiler water wall. The pipe section division of the loop is shown in Figure 7. Figure 7 shows the schematic diagram of the selected typical 7th loop. The number on the left of the tube is the length of the pipe section, and the number on the right is for the linear density of the heat load of the pipe section, in which the linear density of the heat load around the pipe section of the burner is 0 W/m. The heat load is based on the heat load distribution along the height direction of the tangentially rounded boiler furnace of Combustion Engineering Company and the relevant heat absorption deviation rules, combined with the fact that the State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow of Xi’an Jiaotong University has been used in various furnace types, various combustion methods and is based on the experience accumulated in the hydrodynamic calculation of power station boilers of various capacities and the results of the numerical simulation of the combustion characteristics of the furnace, in which the heat load of the furnace of the ultra-supercritical tower boiler is drawn up and distributed along the height under different operating conditions. The establishment of the model and the calculation method have been verified in the literature [27].
Reducing Energy Losses of Steam Boilers Caused by Blowdown with Using the FMEA Method
Published in Smart Science, 2021
Ceyda Kocabaş, Ahmet Fevzi Savaş
The water in the steam boiler is not entirely pure because it contains solid particles. Therefore, the feedwater has chemically treated before taken into the boiler. Solids dissolved in boiler water are called TDS (Total Dissolved Solids). As evaporation continues, the TDS concentration and water conductivity increase, especially in the region close to the water surface. When the upper limit conductivity, which is determined by the boiler manufacturers, is exceeded, foaming begins on the water surface. The foam layer makes evaporation difficult, prevents heat transfer, and shortens the life of the system [1].
Evaluation of Pilot Scale Domestic Wastewater Reuse System in Terms of Irrigation and Industrial Process Waters in Turkey
Published in Urban Water Journal, 2021
Recep Kaya, Turker Turken, Mehmet Emin Pasaoglu, Ayse Yuksekdag, Sevde Korkut, Ismail Koyuncu
The use of reclaimed water for boiler make-up water is an alternative reuse of RO permeate stream. Required water quality for boiling water differs according to the operating pressure of the boiler. Typically, higher operating pressure needs higher-quality water rather than the lower one. The characterization of RO permeate water and the maximum recommended boiler water limitations are shown in Table 4, comparatively. It can be seen that RO permeate water can be used as boiler water until 1500 psi pressure. The difference between RO effluent and boiling water limitations in terms of TDS, conductivity, and silica were found significant (p < 0.05). Hence, this high-quality RO permeate stream can benefit nearby industrial zones and production facilities. A similar pilot-scale treatment process was applied to a treated industrial wastewater stream by Ozbey-Unal et al. (2020). The effluent of the MF/RO process combination was found efficient in using for industrial cooling or boiling water, which upholds our results (Ozbey-Unal et al. 2020). Aziz and Kasongo (2021) applied a three-stage membrane process, consist of UF/NF/RO, to the secondary effluent of the MBR plant for water reuse. RO effluent of their pilot-scale plant was found appropriate for cooling water for following standards: COD < 30 mg/L, NH3 < 1 mg/L, PO4 < 7 mg/L, EC < 1445 µS/cm and turbidity < 36 NTU (Aziz and Kasongo, 2021). According to these standards and the results (shown in Table S1 and Table 3), pilot RO effluent stream is suitable as cooling water, again. Although there was no NF process in our study, the effluent qualities were quite similar to Aziz and Kasongo’s study. This argument shows that the results obtained from the study correspond to other studies in the literature.