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Oxide Nanoparticles in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Published in Varun Rawat, Anirban Das, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Heterogeneous Catalysis in Organic Transformations, 2022
Garima Sachdeva, Jyoti Dhariwal, Monika Vats, Varun Rawat, Manish Srivastava, Anamika Srivastava
Tinidazole is an antimicrobial drug obtained by condensation of 2-methyl,5-nitro-imidazole and 2-ethyl-thio-ethanol using MoO3/SiO2 catalyst, which was prepared by the sol–gel technique to get 1-(2-ethyl-thio-ethanol)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole followed by its oxidation using H2O2 oxidizing agent to get tinidazole (Figure 2.24). The prepared catalyst showed acidic strength and possessed a dual function as it was able to catalyze condensation and oxidation required during the synthesis of tinidazole. The use of MoO3/SiO2 catalyst made this process eco-friendly as usage of acetic acid in condensation, and ammonium molybdate or tungstic acid was avoided [123]. The catalyst can be recovered easily and reused five times without any loss in its activity and selectivity.
Composition of Proprietary Products Approved in the United States
Published in Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations, Third Edition, 2019
Tinidazole is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent. Tindamax pink film-coated oral tablets contain 500 or 250 mg of tinidazole. Inactive ingredients include croscarmellose sodium, FD&C Red No. 40 Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Lake, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, pregelatinized cornstarch, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.
The adsorption property of in-situ synthesis of MOF in alginate gel for ofloxacin in the wastewater
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of porous crystalline materials with a huge surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and tuneable structure[7,8,9]. These advantages have motivated the use of MOFs as adsorbents for removing different antibiotic pollutants, including tetracycline[10], sulfonamide[11], tinidazole[12], nitroimidazole[13], and oxytetracycline[14]. ZIF-8 is a porous material with a strong adsorption capacity for ofloxacin. In a previous study, the maximum adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 for ofloxacin was 194.1 mg/g[15], which is higher than some other reports (absorbent: chitosan/Biochar Composite, mesoporous carbon nanocomposite etc.)[16,17]. However, because ZIF-8 is a powder, it is inconvenient to separate it after absorbing antibiotics in wastewater. Thus, some researchers have included MOF powder into the matrix to create composite materials with improved mechanical properties and reusability[18]. Sun et al. prepared composite beads by adding UiO-66 particles into sodium alginate and solidifying them in CaCl2 solution. The adsorption efficiency of the developed composite beads for ofloxacin was above 70% after 5 adsorption cycles[19]. Yang et al.loaded Co/Zn-MOF-11 powder onto carbon nanotubes in an argon atmosphere to obtain a multilayer composite material, which effectively solved the problem of difficult recycling of Co/Zn-MOF-11 powders[20]. Karimi et al. loaded ZIF-8 powder on polyvinylidene fluoride film to remove rose red dye from wastewater. The film has good reusability and the adsorption efficiency reaches 74.1% after 5 adsorption cycles[21]. The covalent post-assembly of an UiO-66-NH2/aerogel composite results in an outstanding adsorption capacity for dyes[22]. However, MOFs are often deposited as MOF layers or films (i.e. MOF-coated composites) on supporting materials or are formed into 3D structured composites[23], or a core–shell heterostructure integrating a MOF-derived graphitic carbon core (GC) and a well-arranged COF shell (MOF-GC@COF) has prepared[24].