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Pesticides
Published in José L. Tadeo, Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples, 2019
José L. Tadeo, Beatriz Albero, Rosa Ana Pérez
Fipronil is a blocker of the GABA-regulated chloride channel, toxic by contact or ingestion and able to control insects tolerant to pyrethroid, organophosphate, and carbamate insecticides. Spirotetramat is a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor, acting after ingestion or on contact with phloem and xylem mobility, and able to control a variety of sucking insects. Spirodiclofen is also a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor non-systemic insecticide used for control of mite pests. Table 1.20 summarizes the properties of various frequently used insecticides belonging to different chemical classes.
Biological monitoring of exposure to pesticide residues among Belgian florists
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2020
Khaoula Toumi, Laure Joly, Christiane Vleminckx, Bruno Schiffers
DMP, which is a metabolite of phosphamidon, mevinphos, dicrotophos, monocrotophos, dichlorvos, and trichlorfon (Tarbah et al.2004; Ghosh et al.2015), has the highest maximum concentrations (53 µg/L) for all periods. Regarding the three periods, the highest average concentrations were found for fenhexamid, furalaxyl, and DETP (1.97, 2.05 and 2.54 µg/L, respectively) in Valentine’s Day, for oxamyl, spirotetramat-enol, furalaxyl, and dinotefuran (1.27, 1.37, 4.20, and 6.35 µg/L, respectively) in Mother’s Day, for furalaxyl, TCPy, flubendiamide, and DMP (1.09, 1.13, 1.70, and 53.05 µg/L, respectively) in All Saints’ Day. These pesticide residues and metabolites presented average concentrations of 1 µg/L and more (Table 3). These concentration levels are in accordance with Aprea et al. (2002) which conducted a study among ornamental plants workers during reentry and the concentration of chlorothalonil in urines ranged from 0.45–8.30 µg/L.