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Impact of Mobile Chemistry Apps on the Teaching-Learning Process in Higher Education
Published in Lionello Pogliani, Suresh C. Ameta, A. K. Haghi, Chemistry and Industrial Techniques for Chemical Engineers, 2020
This app allows us to discover chemical reactions and to solve the chemical equations with one and or unknown variables. You will always have Mendeleev’s Periodic Table and Solubility table handy, and even the calculator of molar masses. The app discovers the equations of chemical reactions even if the right or left part is unknown, helps you with organic and inorganic chemistry. The discovered reactions in a usual and ionic aspect will be mapped and formulas of organic chemistry are drawn for you. Mendeleev’s periodic convenient interactive table: press a chemical element in the table to look at the information, the calculator of molar masses. Enter correctly a chemical compound and it will show molar masses and percentage of elements. The table of solubility of substances is added in the app. “Now your textbooks become waste! The best solver of chemical equations for iPhone and iPad” (Fig. 13.11).
Field Pennycress
Published in Girma Biresaw, K.L. Mittal, Surfactants in Tribology, 2017
Roque L. Evangelista, Steven C. Cermak, Milagros P. Hojilla-Evangelista, Bryan R. Moser, Terry A. Isbell, Girma Biresaw, K.L. Mittal
Most proteins are susceptible to the detrimental effects of heating, which usually manifest through a substantial and irreversible reduction in solubility brought about by the aggregation of unfolded protein molecules [101]. Pennycress protein isolates produced by acid precipitation from either ground seed or press cake were more stable to heating than SE protein isolates, as shown by the lower loss of solubility at all pH levels tested (Table 14.9). In contrast, when solutions of SE protein isolates (pH 7 or 10) were heated at 100°C, substantial loss of solubility was noted (60%–79% loss of solubility) (Table 14.9). The heat-induced loss of solubility was especially severe for SE press cake protein isolates. This behavior may be related to the substantial presence of albumins and globulins, the amounts of which were reduced significantly when seeds were subjected to cooking at 82°C before oil pressing [21] or when protein extraction was done at 77°C [82].
An Overview of Polyelectrolyte-Based Nanoplex
Published in Satish A. Dake, Ravindra S. Shinde, Suresh C. Ameta, A. K. Haghi, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, 2020
Swati G. Talele, Shweta S. Gedam, Akshada A. Bakliwal
The nanoplex is defined as the drug nanoparticle comprises of an oppositely charged polyelectrolyte. In this, cationic, and anionic drugs react with an oppositely charged polyelectrolyte. For nanoplex formulation, mostly BCS class II and class IV drugs are used having low aqueous solubility (Table 6.1). The goal of nanoplex formulation is to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of these types of drugs. Producing the crystalline NPs, transformation of API into its salt form or giving the API in its salt form can help to improve the bioavailability of the drugs.
Environmental impact of rejuvenators in asphalt mixtures containing high reclaimed asphalt content
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2022
M. Muñoz, R. Haag, R. Figi, C. Schreiner, M. Zaumanis, M. C. Cavalli, L. D. Poulikakos, N. V. Heeb
Transport of PAHs from the asphalt surface possibly is a diffusion-controlled process influenced by the PAH water solubility (Table 4), but also by the concentration of a PAH on the surface of asphalt material. We tested the initial hypothesis that rejuvenators may mobilise certain PAHs bound in the RAP and therefore may induce an accelerated release of PAHs. No such accelerated release was observed if the sum of the 16 priority PAHs is considered. On the contrary, sum concentrations of the 16 PAHs in leachates from RAP with tall oil-based rejuvenator were 25% and 24% lower than in the RAP without rejuvenator for non-aged and aged materials.
Endocrine Disruptors (Phthalates and Alkylphenols) in Harbor Surface Sediments Reflect Anthropogenic Pollution
Published in Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 2023
Chih-Feng Chen, Yun-Ru Ju, Ming-Huang Wang, Frank Paolo Jay B Albarico, Shu-Hui Lee, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong
PAEs are mainly used as plasticizers, fixatives, cleaners, lubricants, and solvents (Alkan et al. 2021; Net et al. 2015). PAEs are found in many consumer products, such as textiles, wallpaper, food packaging, children’s products, medical devices, personal care products, pesticides, paints, coatings, and pharmaceuticals (Net et al. 2015). Since they are not chemically bonded to plastic polymers, PAEs are easily released into the environment from plastic products through evaporation, leaching, and abrasion (Jiménez-Skrzypek et al. 2020). APs are mainly used as raw materials to manufacture alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) (a nonionic surfactant), mainly including nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) and octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEOs). In addition, they are used in lubricant additives, biocides, and polymeric antioxidants (McLaren and Rawlins 2022). The occurrence of nonylphenols (NPs) and octylphenols (OPs) in the environment is mainly from direct anthropogenic emissions or derivatives of NPEOs and OPEOs in the environment through biotic and abiotic degradation (David, Fenet, and Gomez 2009). PAEs and APs can enter the marine environment through various routes, including direct input from municipal sewage, wastewater treatment plants, industrial discharges, ships, fishing activities, and port operations; or indirect inputs through rivers, atmospheric dry/wet deposition, and surface runoffs (Dong, Chen, and Chen 2015; Zhang et al. 2020). The most common PAEs in the marine environment include dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dibutyl phthalate (DnBP), dihexyl phthalate (DHP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2–10 species including ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP). The most common APs include 4-nonylphenols (4-NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) (An et al. 2020; Hermabessiere et al. 2017; Net et al. 2015). Due to their lipophilicity, high octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow), and low water solubility (Table S1), most of the PAEs and APs entering the aquatic environment will be strongly adsorbed on organic and inorganic suspended particles, which eventually settle and get accumulated in sediments (Chen et al. 2022; Qiu, Wang, and Zhang 2020). Aside from being a long-term pollutant sink, sediments can also act as secondary pollutant sources through resuspension. Therefore, when assessing anthropogenic pollution in marine environments, the concentration of pollutants in sediments is often used as an indicator (Wang et al. 2021; Zhang et al. 2019), especially those in harbors and coastal areas (Chen et al. 2021; Lee et al. 2020).