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Diagnostic Devices
Published in Laurence J. Street, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Technology, 2016
General anesthetics such as isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane act by blocking ion channels in the nervous system, thus blocking pain and producing unconsciousness. Anesthetic machines are described in Chapter 7.
Partial vs full glottic view with CMACTM D blade intubation of airway with simulated cervical spine injury: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Chao Chia Cheong, Soon Yiu Ong, Siu Min Lim, Wan Zakaria Wan A., Marzida Mansor, Sook Hui Chaw
Standard monitoring (pulse oximetry, noninvasive blood pressure, gas analysis, and 3-lead electrocardiography), was instituted throughout the surgery. The patients were positioned supine on a rigid 4 cm pillow, ensuring head in neutral position. Patients were pre-oxygenated with 100% oxygen for 3 mins to achieve end-tidal oxygen (Et O2) of 90%. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous fentanyl 2mcg/kg and propofol 1 to 2 mg/kg. The cervical collar would be applied after the patients were under anesthesia. Intravenous Rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was administered after ascertaining easy mask ventilation. Anesthesia was maintained with 2 to 4% sevoflurane to achieve a minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of 0.9–1.0. Train of four (TOF) count zero indicates adequate neuromuscular blockade for airway intervention.
Baska mask versus endotracheal tube in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery: a prospective randomized trial
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Ching Choe Ng, Mohammad Hafizshah Bin Sybil Shah, Sook Hui Chaw, Marzida Binti Mansor, Wei Keang Tan, Jun Kit Koong, Chew Yin Wang
Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane at a MAC of 1.0–1.2 in an oxygen/air mixture. The tidal volume was set at 8 mL/kg, and the respiratory rate was adjusted to maintain end-tidal CO2 at 35–45 mmHg. During the surgery, intravenous rocuronium (10-mg bolus) was administered intermittently every 30 min or whenever spontaneous breathing was detected. Intravenous paracetamol (15 mg/kg) and intermittent intravenous fentanyl (0.5-mcg/kg bolus) were used to provide analgesia. All the patients received intravenous ranitidine (50 mg) and dexamethasone (0.10 mg/kg) after induction, as well as intravenous ondansetron (0.10 mg/kg) before the reversal of anaesthesia.
Is micronucleus assay in nasal mucosa cells an appropriate technique for detecting genotoxins by inhalation in humans? A systematic review
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
Giovana Wagner Branda Drummond, Andrea Cristina de Moraes Malinverni, Ana Claudia Muniz Renno, Daniel Araki Ribeiro
Exposure to sevoflurane is associated with neurotoxicity. Unlike the other agents, it is not caused by occupational exposure; however, a single inhalation in a surgery can cause severe damage (Lindström et al. 2021). Kesimci et al. (2017) assessed exposure to sevoflurane and also found an elevation of micronuclei.