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Single-Phase Convection Heat Transfer
Published in Randall F. Barron, Gregory F. Nellis, Cryogenic Heat Transfer, 2017
Randall F. Barron, Gregory F. Nellis
Procedures are accessed using the Call command. For example, to access the correlations for the average friction factor for circular ducts, it is necessary to call the procedure PipeFlow_N. The following EES code determines the friction factor and Nusselt number associated with Example 6.1. The inputs are entered: $UnitSystem SI Mass J Pa K rho=1166.1 [kg/m^3] “density” mu=0.22e-3 [Pa-s] “viscosity” k_t=0.1581 [W/m-K] “conductivity” c=1687 [J/kg-K] “specific heat capacity” Pr= (mu/rho)/(k _t/(rho*c)) “Prandtl number” m_dot=0.75e-3 [kg/s] “mass flow rate” D=3.2 [mm]*Convert(mm,m) “diameter” L=100 [mm]*Convert(mm,m) “length”
Physics
Published in Peter R Hoskins, Kevin Martin, Abigail Thrush, Diagnostic Ultrasound, 2019
Kevin Martin, Kumar V Ramnarine
The material properties which determine the speed of sound are density and stiffness. Density is a measure of the weight of a standard volume of material. For example, bone has a higher density than water; a 1 cm cube of bone weighs almost twice as much as a 1 cm cube of water. Density is normally given the symbol ρ (rho) and is measured in units of kilograms per cubic metre (kg m−3). Bone has a density of 1850 kg m−3; water has a density of 1000 kg m−3, which is the same as 1 gram per cubic centimetre.
Influence of Antimycin A, a bacterial toxin, on human dermal fibroblast cell adhesion to tungsten-silicon oxide nanocomposites
Published in Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 2019
Hassan I. Moussa, Gyeongsu Kim, Jessica Tong, D. Moira Glerum, Ting Y. Tsui
The ability to control the morphology of cells on engineered surfaces is important for the success of medical implants and other devices [1]–[3]. Cell adhesion mechanisms and morphologies on engineered surfaces are complex and can be influenced by local micro-environments, including surfaces differing with respect to pre-adsorbed protein species [4, 5], surface structure geometries [5]–[7], roughness [8]–[13], and surface energy [8, 14] of the substratum, and by cell type-specific characteristics [15, 16]. Focal adhesions, the sites of cellular attachment to the substratum, are controlled by complex protein-protein interactions [17], which often occur at the leading edge of a migrating cell where pseudopodia are constantly probing the surrounding environment. These cytoplasmic projections are regulated by different molecular signal transduction pathways: Nobes and Hall [18] showed that Cdc42 activation promotes the formation of filopodia, while activation of Rac leads to lamellipodia in spreading Swiss 3T3 cells. Both processes assist the formation of focal adhesion complexes and actin polymerization, with Ridley and Hall [19] showing that activated Rho is responsible for the formation of actin stress fibers.