China 
Africa 
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Repositioning Antiviral Drugs as a Rapid and Cost-Effective Approach to Discover Treatment against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Published in Hajiya Mairo Inuwa, Ifeoma Maureen Ezeonu, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Emmanuel Olufemi Ekundayo, Abubakar Gidado, Abdulrazak B. Ibrahim, Benjamin Ewa Ubi, Medical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutics, Forensic Science and Bioinformatics, 2022
Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara, Folasade Muibat Adeyemi, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Temidayo Oluyomi Elufisan
Remdesivir has antiviral activity both in vivo and in vitro against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2 (Beigel et al. 2020; Wang et al. 2020). It was the first antiviral drug approved by the FDA in May 2020 for the treatment of COVID-19 after studies showed that it can reduce the recovery time in critically ill patients. Remdesivir is a controversial COVID-19 drug because studies later showed that it does not reduce recovery rate in critically ill patients, rather effective in patients with mild COVID-19 illness. Moreover, remdesivir can only reduce recovery time and not mortality rate. Rahimi et al. (2021) also reported the possibility of remdesivir causing kidney and liver failure in critically ill patients. However, remdesivir in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir is undergoing phase IV clinical trial, with NCT number: NCT04738045.
Strategies for Prevention of Coronavirus Disease
Published in Suman Lata Tripathi, Kanav Dhir, Deepika Ghai, Shashikant Patil, Health Informatics and Technological Solutions for Coronavirus (COVID-19), 2021
M. Sudha, R. Subasri, A. Dinesh Karthik, A. Poongothai
Remdesivir commonly identified as monophosphate drug that experiences digestion and functioning C-adenosine nucleoside triphosphate. The specialist was found in the midst of a showing procedure for antimicrobials through movement against RNA infections, for example, Coronaviridae and Flaviviridae. Currently, remdesivir is a hopeful likely cure for COVID-19 [21].
Rediscovering the discovered: the new paradigm in repurposing drugs
Published in Indian Chemical Engineer, 2020
Togapur Pavan Kumar, Srivari Chandrasekhar, Prathama S. Mainkar
Similarly, Remdesivir (Figure 3) was developed to combat the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Africa. Gilead, the innovator of Remdesivir, coordinated with regulatory authorities to make the drug available to treat COVID-19 patients. CSIR believed Gilead would be generous to give licenses to manufacture the drug to a few Indian companies, as it had done with its hepatitis C drug. In 2014, Gilead signed non-exclusive licensing agreements with generic pharma companies in India for the distribution of the chronic hepatitis C drug in 91 countries [21]. Similarly, Gilead Science did sign non-exclusive voluntary licensing agreements with generic pharmaceutical manufacturers based in Egypt, India and Pakistan to further expand supply of Remdesivir. The agreements allow the companies, Cipla Ltd, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Eva Pharma, Ferozsons Laboratories, Hetero Labs Ltd, Jubilant Lifesciences, Mylan, Syngene and Zydus Cadila Healthcare Ltd, to manufacture Remdesivir for distribution in 127 countries [22].
COVID-19;-The origin, genetics,and management of the infection of mothers and babies
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2020
Hassan Ih El-Sayyad, Yousef Ka Abdalhafid
Remdesivir is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that was developed by the biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences used for the treatment of Ebola and coronaviral infections through inhibiting replication by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [119]. The mechanism of action comes from the structure of RdRp-Remdesivir complex indicating that the partial double-stranded RNA template is inserted into the central channel of RdRp where Remdesivir is covalently incorporated into the primer strand at the first replicated base pair, thus terminating chain elongation [120]. Once incorporated the inhibitor arrest RNA synthesis at position i3 [121].Timothy et al. [122] observed a potent inhibition in MERS-CoV replication with EC50 of 0.09 mM, with no observable cytotoxicity up to 10 mM in primary human lung epithelial cell cultures.
On the molecular structure of Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2021
S. M. Sheikholeslami, A. Jahanbani, Z. Shao
The molecular structure of remdesivir shown in Figure 4. Remdesivir is an investigational nucleotide analogue with broad-spectrum antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo in animal models against multiple emerging viral pathogens, including Ebola, Marburg, MERS and SARS. In vitro testing conducted by Gilead has demonstrated that remdesivir is active against the virus that causes COVID-19. The safety and efficacy of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 are being evaluated in multiple ongoing Phase 3 clinical trials.