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Proton Transport Mechanisms in Nanofibers Ion Exchange Membrane
Published in Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Nidal Hilal, Juhana Jaafar, Chris J. Wright, Nanofiber Membranes for Medical, Environmental, and Energy Applications, 2019
Nuha Awang, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Juhana Jaafar, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Mukhlis A. Rahman
The materials with the highest proton diffusivity are hydrogen-bonded liquids or solids in which weak or medium hydrogen-bond interactions are not or just possibly restricted by the region of different type of bonds. A vital part of hydrogen bonding is to give a way for proton exchange from a proton donor to a proton acceptor, and the part of proton conductor is played by materials that can be a proton conductor especially for ion exchange membrane (Park and Yamazaki, 2005).
Different catalytic reactor technologies in selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid and acrolein
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Golshan Mazloom, Seyed Mehdi Alavi
Different materials have been used in dense membranes. For proton conductor there are two types of materials: polymeric material such as Nafion, polybenzimidazole, and polyetheretherketones, which can be used in the low temperature up to 200°C, and mixed oxides such as Ba-Zr, Sr-Ce, and Ba-Ce, which can be used between 500 and 900°C. The most important materials used in oxygen ion conductors are yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ), and perovskite materials such as Sr/Mg-doped lanthan gallat (LSGM). The limitation of the oxygen conductor membranes is that they have appropriate oxygen conductivity at high temperatures (>800°C), which limits their application in many selective oxidation reactions proceeded at moderate or low temperatures (<500°C). Abraham et al. (1990; 1988) and Boivina et al. (1998) have synthesized Bi4Cu0.2V1.8O (named BICUVOX.10; .10 means in the Bi4V2O11 10% of the VV have been substituted by 10% of CuII) that displays high oxygen ionic conductivity at low-to-moderate temperatures (300–600°C). Figure 7 shows the oxygen ionic conductivity of high-performance anionic conductors as a function of inverse temperature. As can be seen, the σ of BICUVOX.10 reaches 1*10−3 Ω−1 cm−1, which is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the best ion conductor up to now. The actual state-of-the-art of dense membrane reactors have been reviewed by Sundmacher, Rihko-Struckmann, and Galvita (2005).