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Case histories of tailings dam and reservoir waterproofed with a bituminous geomembrane (BGM)
Published in Jean-Pierre Tournier, Tony Bennett, Johanne Bibeau, Sustainable and Safe Dams Around the World, 2019
The bituminous geomembrane (BGM) has been used successfully for over 40 years in hydraulic applications: dams, reservoirs, and canals. BGM possesses high physical and mechanical properties, allowing it to remain exposed and accept coarser subgrade and cover materials compared to other types of geomembranes, without needing any external geotextile for protecting it. This leads to savings of transport of materials coming from outside the construction site and reduces the time of crushing local materials, thus reduces the environmental impact of construction works. The installation of BGM is straightforward using propane torch welding and its high unit weight allows it to be installed in rough weather conditions with local installers trained by manufacturer on-site.
Alternative Designs and Inventions
Published in William H. Middendorf, Richard H. Engelmann, Design of Devices and Systems, 2017
William H. Middendorf, Richard H. Engelmann
The method of functional synthesis or orderly creative thinking has been described as being followed in a sequential manner, but do not assume that once a step is completed you need no longer pay any attention to it. In the can opener example, combination 4-5-1 describes an opener that opens the can by use of heat, presumably a very high temperature tightly confined flame, that is, a small version of a plumber’s propane torch. Is such a device available? If so, how would one incorporate it into an opener that would be inherently safe to operate?
Techniques
Published in Rick Houghton, William Bennett, Emergency Characterization of Unknown Materials, 2020
Rick Houghton, William Bennett
Evaporation can be actively applied through the use of heat. Moderate heat can be supplied by a butane lighter. More robust heat is produced with a propane torch with a low flame. Place 1 ml (1/2 inch or 10 mm) of liquid in a test tube and hold with a test tube clamp. Heat gently with the propane torch by passing the flame over the base of the test tube with a fanning motion. Keep the test tube pointed in a safe direction in case contents are ejected. Ensure adequate ventilation of toxic or flammable vapors.
Liquid Fuel Nonpremixed Swirl-Type Tubular Flame Burner
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2023
Vinicius Maron Sauer, Derek Dunn-Rankin
The burner is ignited by allowing both air and fuel to flow from their respective feeding lines into the chamber. A propane torch is used to prevaporize some of the liquid fuel as soon as it reaches the porous medium by heating up the outer combustor walls. The flame is then ignited by exposing the system to the propane torch at the downstream region of the burner (above the “Top Support,” shown in Figure 1) for about 30 s. Lower air flow rates are used during the ignition process, such that the initial proportion of fuel and air injected into the chamber is fuel-rich. The choice of lower air flow rates is made for two reasons. If the cold flow velocity in the chamber were too large, it would be difficult for the thermal energy from the propane torch to propagate into the chamber and anchor the flame inside the burner. A premixed flame would be established over the top rim, but it would not sustain itself due to quenching effects induced by the cold flow mixture issued from the burner. Moreover, if the initial proportion between the flow rates of air and fuel were excessively fuel-lean, the initial mixture could be close to the lower flammability limit, and hence, more difficult to ignite.
Tire-track resistance performance of acrylic resin emulsion coatings for colored asphalt pavements
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2022
Wen-rui Yang, Kai Zhang, Jiao Yuan, Hui-ying Li, Zhong-min Feng
The thermosetting resin emulsion is a thermosetting liquid material that flows at a room temperature of 25°C. The emulsion was stored in a small aluminum sample box for later use. As mentioned earlier, four probe liquids were used in this research, and three replicate slides of every resin emulsion were tested with each probe liquid. The end of each glass slide intended for coating was passed through the blue flame of a propane torch five times on each side to achieve moisture removal. Thereafter, the glass slide was dipped into the resin emulsion to a depth of approximately 15 mm. A uniform layer of at least 10 mm was required to remain on the thin plate. Subsequently, the slide was smoothly removed from the emulsion, with the excess emulsion wiped completely off to prevent it from adhering to the testbed (Figure 6).
Investigation of different cutting technologies in a ship recycling yard with simulation approach
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
Sefer Anil Gunbeyaz, Rafet Emek Kurt, Osman Turan
Specifically, in the ship recycling industry, there are not many studies that investigate the performance of different technologies for cutting steel. The most comprehensive study, DIVEST (2008–2011), developed a value model as part of the EU funded FP6 project. One of the aims of the developed value model was to compare different ship recycling options. In the report, one of the case studies was to compare oxy-acetylene cutting to the oxy-propane torch (DIVEST 2011). However, this study only approaches the problem on the economic perspective, and there is no in-depth productivity analysis as part of this study. DIVEST also assessed the feasibility of different cutting and surface cleaning technologies (DIVEST 2009b). In this study, key performance indicators (such as technology readiness level, Investment, installation cost, and so forth) were defined and assessed for each technology with these key performance indicators whether these methods were usable in ship recycling or not. Moreover, authors of the report have collected information about cutting rates, costs, technology readiness levels, benefits and disadvantages (DIVEST 2009a). However, this study was only at a theoretical level and only used for estimations of the performance and operation costs. Even though this study provides a good starting point, it does not include in-depth information on the practical implementation of these cutting rates.