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Precipitation and Crystallization Processes in Reprocessing, Plutonium Separation, Purification, and Finishing, Chemical Recovery, and Waste Treatment
Published in Reid A. Peterson, Engineering Separations Unit Operations for Nuclear Processing, 2019
Calvin H. Delegard, Reid A. Peterson
Like Mayak, the Cs was removed from each of these Hanford waste streams using Ni ferrocyanide. The Ni ferrocyanide was prepared by the separate additions of sodium or potassium ferrocyanide (Na4Fe(CN)6 or K4Fe(CN)6) and nickel sulfate (NiSO4) at about 0.005 M each, to the waste solutions, precipitating the resulting cesium nickel ferrocyanide compound. Selection of the ferrocyanide alternative likely did not arise from knowledge of its use in the USSR. Rather, it was based on a U.S. Mound Laboratory survey of alternatives for treating Bismuth Phosphate Process first and second cycle decontamination wastes (Lowe et al. 1951). As in the USSR, the Mound Laboratory also identified ferrous sulfide as a potent broad-spectrum solution decontamination agent, but it was not used at Hanford.
Applications of High-Intensity Ultrasonics
Published in Dale Ensminger, Leonard J. Bond, Ultrasonics, 2011
Dale Ensminger, Leonard J. Bond
In explaining the kinetics of oxidation of aqueous potassium ferrocyanide, Potassium ferrocyanide, also known as potassium prussiate or yellow prussiate of potash or potassium hexacyanidoferrate(II), Potassium ferrocyanide, also known as potassium prussiate or yellow prussiate of potash or potassium hexacyanidoferrate(II), K4[Fe(CN)6], Witekowa [85] claimed that these solutions are oxidized rapidly in an ultrasonic field to potassium ferricyanide, K3[Fe(CN)6]. The rate constant increases with temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, and the square root of ionic strength. The activation energy at 10°C–30°C is 6.88 kcal/mole. The reaction [Fe(CN)6]4− + (H+) → [Fe(CN)6]3− + 1/2H2 is supposed to be the rate-determining reaction. The mechanism is complicated by the possible formation of nitrous acid and nitric acid in an ultrasonic field.
Effects of processing conditions and fine powder loading on real and electroactive surface areas of porous nickel manufactured by lost carbonate sintering
Published in Powder Metallurgy, 2023
Two nickel (Ni) powders with spherical particles were purchased from Changsha Tianjiu Ltd., China. The coarse powder, with particle sizes of 75–125 μm, was used as the primary metal powder. The fine powder, with particle sizes <10 μm, was used as a secondary metal powder to be mixed with the coarse powder. Food-grade potassium carbonate (K2CO3, 99.5%) powder with rounded particles was supplied by E&E Ltd., Melbourne, Australia. The powder was sieved into four particle size ranges: 250–425, 425–710, 710–1000 and 1000–1500 μm Potassium hydroxide (KOH, 99%), potassium ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6], 99.5%) and ethanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used directly without further purification. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ·cm) was used to clean samples and prepare solutions. High-purity argon (99%) gas was used to de-gas liquid solutions.
Characterization and application of a crude bacterial protease to produce antioxidant hydrolysates from whey protein
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Andréia Monique Lermen, Naiara Jacinta Clerici, Dienefer Borchartt Maciel, Daniel Joner Daroit
The reducing power of the HWPI was evaluated through its ability to reduce potassium ferricyanide to potassium ferrocyanide. If such a phenomenon occurs, added Fe3+ (ferric chloride) reacts with potassium ferrocyanide, forming Perl’s Prussian blue, which is measured at 700 nm. Thus, increased absorbance indicates a greater reducing power.[31] The absorbances (at 700 nm) of obtained HWPI were in the 0.011–0.019 range, which were comparable to the non-hydrolyzed WPI (0.010; not shown). Thus, hydrolysis had no prominent effect toward the reducing power. Minor positive effects, and even the absence of effects, were reported for the Fe3+-reducing capacity of HWPI obtained with commercial enzymes.[53,60] Contrarily, the reducing power was increased following the hydrolysis of whey protein with pepsin,[61] Alcalase, chymotrypsin, Flavourzyme,[52] and a partially purified bacterial protease.[21]