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Energy Storage Devices Based on 2D Phosphorene as an Electrode Material
Published in Krishan Arora, Suman Lata Tripathi, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Smart Electrical Grid System, 2023
A. Gomathi, T. Prabhuraj, P. Maadeswaran, K. A. Ramesh Kumar
For nearly a century, scientists have known about black phosphorus (BP). In recent years, intellectuals from all over the world have taken notice of phosphorene’s potential to exist in a two-dimensional (2D) form. Phosphorene is expected to get the most focus in the post-graphene period due to its extraordinary and unique band structures; carrier transport; and optical, thermal, and mechanical performance. Although environmental advances have extensively been spread throughout human civilization in recent decades, their performance does not meet the criteria for future growth. The potential is used in electrochemical energy storage, such as Li/Na. The achievements and problems of K-/Mg-/Na-ion and Li–S batteries are methodically summarized. A diverse array of S domains, including ultrafast laser biophotonics, energy storage devices, optoelectronic solar cells, and nanosensors, have extensively been investigated using two-dimensional black phosphorene [1,2]. Due to its vast surface area, superior electric conductivity, and ideally high theoretical value, 2D BP has greatly been explored as an electrode material and has significantly enhanced energy storage device performance.
Heterostructures Based on 2D Xenes Materials
Published in Zongyu Huang, Xiang Qi, Jianxin Zhong, 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies, 2022
It is well known that phosphorene has the potential to be used in high performance electronic devices. The p-type phosphorene and n-type monolayer MoS2 can form a type II arrangement at the interface, as shown in Figure 6.6.46,47 Moreover, the p-n diode can be used as a photodetector with a maximum response rate of 418 mW–1 under the illumination of a 633 nm laser with a power of 1 μW, which is nearly 100 times higher than the reported phosphorene phototransistor.47 Due to its excellent photoelectronic properties, phosphoene has the potential to be used in broad band and ultrafast optoelectronic applications, especially at infrared wavelengths. Ye et al. found that phosphorene/MoS2 photodetectors can cover the visible to mid-infrared spectrum.48
Nanomaterial-based FRs
Published in Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury, Flame Retardants for Textile Materials, 2020
Black phosphorus is the thermodynamically stable form of phosphorus at room temperature and pressure. It is obtained by heating white phosphorus under high pressures (12,000 atmospheres). The appearance, properties, and structure of black phosphorus are very similar to those of graphite, both being black and flaky, electrical conductor and having puckered sheets of linked atoms. Black phosphorus has an orthorhombic structure and is the least reactive allotrope, a result of its lattice of interlinked six-member rings where each atom is bonded to three other atoms (Structure 8.1). As black phosphorus is very similar to graphite, black phosphorus may form scotch-tape delamination (exfoliation) resulting in phosphorene, a graphene-like 2D material with excellent charge and thermal transport properties. Phosphorene can be viewed as a single layer of black phosphorus, much in the same way that graphene is a single layer of graphite. Phosphorene is a strong competitor to graphene. Unlike graphene, phosphorene has a direct band gap from 0.3 to 2.0 eV (Carvalho et al., 2016). Phosphorene was first isolated in 2014 by mechanical exfoliation (Liu et al., 2014).
Catalytic applications of phosphorene: Computational design and experimental performance assessment
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2023
Monika Nehra, Neeraj Dilbaghi, Rajesh Kumar, Sunita Srivastava, K. Tankeshwar, Ki-Hyun Kim, Sandeep Kumar
On account of both theoretical as well as experimental studies, the puckered structure of phosphorene has a strong impact on its anisotropic electron band structure, electron transport as well as optical, thermal, and mechanical properties (Ma et al., 2020). Phosphorene also possesses band topology with thickness-independent nature that promotes its significant applicability in photonics and optoelectronics. In comparison to other materials, it offers considerable benefits for use in semiconductor devices. For instance, it has a smaller band gap value of 0.3–2 eV than that of the TMDC family compounds (1.1–2.5 eV), while its bandgap is greater than semi-metallic graphene (Kou et al., 2015). Phosphorene also exhibits a modest on/off ratio of 104–105, along with a high carrier mobility of ∼1000 cm2/V s. Moreover, there are several factors that can affect the electronic properties of phosphorene, such as doping and an external field. For example, the interlayer stacking pattern has a strong impact on band gap value, that is, variation in bandgap of bilayers from 0.78 eV to 1.04 eV due to interlayer interactions, resulting in different stacking orders (Kou et al., 2015). Allaoui et al. (2020) investigated the optoelectronic properties using first-principles calculations based on DFT. The optical activity of phosphorene is mainly concentrated from 3 to 8 eV (UV region from 354 to 413 nm) and 3.5–8 eV (UV region from 155 to 354 nm) in the x- and y-directions, respectively.
Surface assimilation studies of ethyl methyl sulfide on gamma phosphorene sheets – a DFT outlook
Published in Molecular Physics, 2020
J. Princy Maria, V. Nagarajan, R. Chandiramouli
The advancements in the field of technology and science are rejuvenating the entire world with much positive elevation. Moreover, scientific researchers are dealing with the study and innovation in the domain of nano-dimensional materials. These materials have inspired a wide range of researchers in the potential application in energy materials, photovoltaics, water splitting, hydrogen energy, and nanosensors [1–6]. Phosphorene is an eminent nano-dimensional material widely researched on its applications owing to tuneable electronic properties. Besides, black phosphorene is a p-type semiconductor and anisotropic in nature [7]. Also, it continues its in-plane ordered orientation such as buckled or puckered structures [8]. Phosphorene has high mechanical stress and strain flexibility in its armchair configuration and from the report, it is known that black phosphorene can withstand stress up to 30% [9]. One such aspiring allotrope of phosphorene is gamma phosphorene nanosheet (GPHNS), which is formed of group VA elemental phosphorous. There are many applications for phosphorene in general. Phosphorene can be used for developing flexible type displays [10]. It can also be employed for Lithium-ion batteries [11], tunneling field-effect transistor [12], chemical nanosensors, and biosensors [13]. In the present research, we investigated the promising detecting features of GPHNS towards ethyl methyl sulfide.
Determination of H2S, COS, CS2 and SO2 by an aluminium nitride nanocluster: DFT studies
Published in Molecular Physics, 2020
Leila Saedi, Zahra Javanshir, Salah Khanahmadzadeh, Maryam Maskanati, Milad Nouraliei
DFT is an advantageous method to study different gas adsorption process on the nanostructures. For example, using DFT calculations the adsorption of CO, CO2, NH3, NO and NO2 gas molecules on a monolayer phosphorene has been studied by Kou etal. [46]. Their results predict superior sensing performance of phosphorene that rivals or even surpasses that of other 2D materials such as graphene and MoS2. Also, Yang et al. have shown that phosphorene appears to be a promising candidate for highly sensitive and selective SF6 decomposition gas sensors for online gas insulated switchgear diagnosis [47]. DFT calculations have been applied to study the adsorption of five SF6 decomposition gas molecules (SO2, H2S, SOF2, SO2F2 and SF6) on monolayer MoTe2, indicating that MoTe2 is sensitive and selective to the SO2 molecule [48].