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The Adsorptivity of Charged and Uncharged Cellulose Ethers
Published in E. Desmond Goddard, James V. Gruber, Principles of Polymer Science and Technology in Cosmetics and Personal Care, 1999
E. Desmond Goddard, James V. Gruber
dodecyldimethyl phosphine oxide (13). The pronounced reduction caused by SDS must result from two effects. First, it is known to react strongly with polycations; SDS precipitates Polymer JR from solution, but at high concentration solubilizes the complex and in the process transforms the polymer in effect into a polyanion (12). Second, SDS is sorbed strongly by various natural keratins (14,15). In this way, it could exert a blocking action upon the sorption of the polymer.
Liquid–Liquid Separation by Supramolecular Systems
Published in Bruce A. Moyer, Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: Volume 23, 2019
Gabriela I. Vargas-Zúñiga, Qing He, Jonathan L. Sessler
The need to handle large amounts of high-level nuclear waste continues to drive searches for new extractants that can separate actinides, MA, and Ln. In 2013, Feng, Yuan, and coworkers reported a series of phosphine oxide- and diglycolamide-substituted pillarenes that demonstrated good selectivities and extraction efficiencies toward certain actinides and lanthanides, with the specifics depending on the groups attached to the macrocycle. The phosphine oxide-based pillar[5]ene 22, shown in Figure 2.15, was found to extract uranyl and thorium cations into dichloromethane from 1.0 M nitric acid aqueous solutions and do so with selectivity over several lanthanide cations (e.g., La3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Yb3+, and Lu3+).48 Relatively good extraction percentages (46% and 92% for Th4+ and UO22+, respectively) were seen when 22 was used at 1.0 × 10−3 M. In contrast, under similar conditions the extraction percentages for the lanthanide cations varied from 10% to 18%. With trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), studied at a 10 times greater concentration than 22 (i.e., 1.0 × 10−2 M), extraction percentages of only 12% and 10% were seen for Th4+ and UO22+, respectively.48 The pre-organization of the phosphine oxide groups in 22 provided by the macrocycle was thought to underlie the extraction selectivity for the Th4+ and UO22+ cations. These authors also reported that the extraction of Th4+ and UO22+ was enhanced in the presence of NaNO3 in acidic nitric acid solutions with AU/Th values increasing from 4.12 to 11.0 in the presence of 4 M of this particular salt.48Structures of the phosphine oxide-pillar[5]ene receptor 22 and the phosphine oxide known as TOPO.
Techno-economic modeling of 4D printing with thermo-responsive materials towards desired shape memory performance
Published in IISE Transactions, 2022
To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed model for cost evaluation in different stages of 4D printing, a gripper with six digits (with the dimension of 657518 and an effective build volume of 4342.5 ) is designed and used as the demonstration part in cost calculations, as shown in Figure 2. A thermo-responsive methacrylate-based copolymer network is used as the model material, which is synthesized with the mono-functional monomer benzyl methacrylate (BMA) and the multi-functional crosslinker poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (with a molecular weight of 750 denoted as PEGDMA 750). Phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (BAPO) is used as the photoinitiator. The 4D printability of the BMA-co-PEGDMA 750 network has been assessed in current literature (Ge et al.,2016; Zhao et al., 2021).
Pertraction of Nd(III) and U(VI) Through Flat Sheet Supported Liquid Membrane Containing N, N’-Dimethyl-N, N’-Dioctyl-3-Oxadiglcolamide as Carrier
Published in Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 2022
Yifu Hu, Chuan Lu, Qi Chen, Yaoyang Liu, Yu Zhou, Caishan Jiao, Meng Zhang, Hongguo Hou, Yang Gao, Guoxin Tian
Large quantities of minor actinides (MAs) such as Am(III) and Cm(III), and fission products including trivalent lanthanides (Lns(III)) coexist in the high level liquid waste (HLW) generated during the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. Efficient separation of these radioactive isotopes from the HLW can not only recover the useful isotopes, but also reduce the long-term heat loading and radioactive hazards in the HLW, which is beneficial to the final treatment and disposal of the nuclear wastes in geological repositories. In an advanced nuclear fuel cycle, a strategy of partitioning and transmutation (P&T)[1,2] is proposed. With the P&T strategy, the long-lived MAs are separated from the trivalent lanthanides and converted into isotopes that are stable or short-lived. Several regents such as octyl-(phenyl) N,N-diisobutyl carbamoyl methyl phosphine oxide (CMPO)[3] and trialkyl phosphine oxide (TRPO)[4] have been developed for minor actinide partitioning. Of particular note, a new family of diglycolamide (DGA)[5–7] extractants, which belong to the environmentally friendly “CHON” class of compound, can form tridentate complexes with metal ions, displayed superior extraction performance towards trivalent actinides (An(III)) and Ln(III), and have been investigated extensively for actinide partitioning during the last decade.
Exciplex hosts for blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Published in Journal of Information Display, 2020
The phosphine oxide modification approach was also applied to design the 1,3,5-tris(1-(4-(diphenylphosphoryl)enyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPOB) host derived from the TPBI host [54]. The weak n-type character of TPBI was intensified by additional phosphine oxide units. The phosphine oxide units additionally improved the solubility of the host in organic solvents. The mixing of TPOB with TCTA formed an exciplex with 2.67 eV triplet energy. The introduction of the diphenylphosphine oxide unit twisted the TPBI backbone structure, which increased the solubility and triplet energy. It also deepened the LUMO level of the host for facile electron injection. The solution-processed FIrpic devices exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V and improved efficiency roll-off in addition to a maximum EQE of 13.8%.