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Introduction to Offshore Operation
Published in Shashi Shekhar Prasad Singh, Jatin R. Agarwal, Nag Mani, Offshore Operations and Engineering, 2019
Shashi Shekhar Prasad Singh, Jatin R. Agarwal, Nag Mani
An offshore installation can be an offshore process platform or an offshore drilling rig. Normally, an offshore process platform is a structure as well as a facility to process and transport petroleum and natural gas produced from a producing well. Offshore drilling rig is a structure as well as a facility to drill a wellbore below the seabed to explore and extract petroleum and natural gas present in rock formations beneath the seabed [12]. Depending on the situation, the offshore platform may have drilling rigs installed on the same structure. Modular drilling rigs are also installed on offshore platforms. Otherwise, standalone offshore process platforms and offshore drilling rigs are deployed. Offshore facilities may be manned or unmanned, with corresponding facilities depending on the work requirement. Unmanned locations are operated remotely.
The Evolution of Oil
Published in Michael Frank Hordeski, Alternative Fuels—The Future of Hydrogen, 2020
In offshore drilling, the equipment allows drilling from a floating vessel, and the completion of oil wells on the ocean floor is accomplished by remote control from the surface. The drilling vessel uses an automatic pilot to keep it in position while drilling.
Characterization of bacterial community structure in a hydrocarbon-contaminated tropical African soil
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
Lateef B. Salam, Mathew O. Ilori, Olukayode O. Amund, Yee LiiMien, Hideaki Nojiri
Petroleum crude oil, a major source of energy in the world, is arguably the world’s most compositionally complex organic mixture in terms of chemically distinct constituents. Petroleum crude oil production and operations such as oil exploration, exploitation, transportation and distribution with its attendant oil spillage, seepages from oil tankers, release of effluents and offshore drilling activities are adversely affecting the ecosystems (soil and aquatic) especially in oil-producing countries including Nigeria [1,2].
Survey on reliability analysis of dynamic positioning systems
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2023
Fang Wang, Liang Zhao, Yong Bai
The main purpose of barrier management is to establish and maintain the necessary barriers. It includes the processes, systems, solutions, and measures needed to ensure implementation and follow-up of barriers (Vinnem and Utne 2015). It uses a diagram, often shaped like a bowtie, to represent the event of interest, the causes leading to that event, the barriers in place to prevent it, and the consequences if the event occurs. The barrier method helps in understanding the effectiveness and integrity of safety measures and can be used to prioritise improvement actions. The regulation of Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) states that barriers shall be established which reduce the probability that any failures and situations of hazard and accident will develop further, and limit possible harm and nuisance. Safety of DP drilling operation is modelled in terms of three main barrier functions, i.e. barrier functions to prevent loss of position, to arrest vessel movement, and to prevent loss of well integrity, respectively (Chen et al. 2008). The same research team had published an article about the safety of such units (Verhoeven et al. 2006), considering both loss of position and recovery, where technical, operational, and organisation barrier elements related to the emergency disconnect on dynamically positioned mobile offshore drilling units on the Norwegian Continental Shelf are identified. In Chen et al. (2009), the barrier method was used to analyse the critical Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) failure, and barrier elements to prevent this failure are identified. Additionally, failures of DP sub-systems including the local thrust control system, DP software and hardware, position reference system, and vessel sensors were identified for evaluating the collision between the DP shuttle tanker and a FPSO unit in tandem offloading (Chen and Moan 2004). Furthermore, the context of the safe termination of DP mobile offshore drilling operations was discussed and related barrier elements were identified in an event tree model (Chen et al. 2020).