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Ion Backscattering Spectrometry
Published in Zeev B. Alfassi, Max Peisach, Elemental Analysis by Particle Accelerators, 2020
In the 1980s, new demands for analytical capabilities arose from materials science and technology. The conventional backscattering method offered only limited potential when applied to many novel materials, such as high-temperature superconductors (HTSC), ceramics, and materials fabricated by high-energy and heavy-ion implantation, ion beam mixing, and other samples from thin-film and semiconductor technology, medical, biological, and environmental sciences. Consequently, toward the end of the 1980s, elemental analysis by ion backscattering with 1H, 4He, and heavy ions, both in the Rutherford and in the higher non-Rutherford energy regions, was studied and applied in connection with various new analysis problems. Computer methods for data analysis, often necessary in the more complicated situations, were in a stage of rapid development, and they are now almost always used in data analysis in some form. Due to these broadened facilities, ion backscattering spectrometry is better equipped to meet the present analysis demands. Enhanced sensitivities, better mass and depth resolutions, and a capability to reach deeper depths of the sample are accomplished when the full potentials of ion backscattering by the use of higher energies and all projectile ions are exploited.
Analysis of modern methods of surface modification of light metals using external energy sources
Published in Dmitrii Zaguliaev, Victor Gromov, Sergey Konovalov, Yurii Ivanov, Electron-Ion-Plasma Modification of a Hypoeutectoid Al-Si Alloy, 2020
Dmitrii Zaguliaev, Victor Gromov, Sergey Konovalov, Yurii Ivanov
Further work by a team of scientists with VT6 alloy was aimed at studying the effect of ion-beam mixing of carbon on the composition, atomic structure, and microhardness of surface layers. The authors argue that ion-beam mixing occurs at the substrate/film interface as a result of ion irradiation. A disordered carbon structure is formed, and conditions for the formation of titanium carbides are created in the transition region of the film/substrate system during ion beam treatment. The formation of a disordered structure of carbon and titanium carbides causes an increase in the microhardness of irradiated samples by a factor of 2-3 [78].
Preparation, characterization, antibacterial properties and hydrophobic evaluation of SiO2/Ag nanosol coated cotton/linen fabric
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2020
Hongbin Li, Yan Zhuang, Hao Li, Karen Chávez Bracamontes, Dawei Wang, Ying Sun, Dan Sun, Lingping Kong, Shuzhen Gao, Mizhao Song
Nowadays, SiO2/Ag composite can be prepared by different methods which include chemical approach (Gangopadhyay, Kesavamoorthy, Nair, & Dhandapani, 2000), ion beam mixing process (Liu et al., 1998), ion implantation (Yang et al., 2003), magnetron sputtering (Babapour, Akhavan, Moshfegh, & Hosseini, 2006; Tanahashi, Yoshida, Manabe, & Tohda, 1995), and sol–gel method (Jiao, Zhang, Ding, Chen, & Zhang, 2007). Among them, prepare a high-grade SiO2/Ag nano-composite need high cost and high vacuum conditions for magnetron sputtering and ion implantation techniques, at the same time, control component content of the nano-composite is very difficult area. Although SiO2/Ag nano-composites were easily made by chemical approach with low cost, it is also hard to obtain the high metal content, which severely constrained their application. Sol–gel technique, as the most common methods, which has a lot of advantages over other methods because of their lower formation temperature, higher degree of homogeneity and higher yield, higher machining efficiency, possibility of coating on large area substrates, easily component controllable performance, and environment-friendly (Babapour et al., 2006; Chatterjee & Naskar, 2006; Jiao et al., 2007). Therefore, SiO2/Ag nano-composite is widely preparation and research by sol–gel technique.