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Other Phases of Matter
Published in Mary Anne White, Physical Properties of Materials, 2018
Inclusion compounds are multicomponent materials in which one type of species forms a host in which other species reside. They can exist in solution or in the solid state. In the latter, the range of topologies of the host lattice allows several different types of structures, as shown in Figure 11.6. Inclusion compounds belong to the larger family of materials known as supramolecular materials; these are defined by properties that stem from assemblies of molecules. In the case of inclusion compounds, many physical and chemical properties are different in the supramolecular assembly than for the pure host or guest species. Supramolecular assemblies are generally held together by noncovalent forces such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, and Coulombic forces. Industrial applications of inclusion compounds include fixation of volatile fragrances and drugs and inclusion of pesticides to make them safer to handle.
The role of polysaccharides and cellulose for modern science and technology
Published in Gennady E. Zaikov, Chemistry of Polysaccharides, 2005
Chemical structure of medical compound is far from being the single factor influencing on its pharmacological activity. Even if the optimal chemical structure is chosen, it is important to transport the medicine to the place of its action and to put it in conditions necessary for interaction with definite substrate. Biological activity of medical preparation depends on a large number of factors: penetrability of substance through lipidic layer, transport, solubility, adsorption, ionization, complexation with other compounds, etc. [90]. Various coverings such as biopolymers (amylose, cellulose) and cyclodextrins [91] fill an important place in the solution of problem of medicines chemical stabilization and their properties improvement. As used here CD may be considered as independent encapsulating materials and monomer units of polysaccharides spirals. In releation to medical preparations these coverings function as magnifiers of solubility, liquidators of unpleasant taste, protectors from moisture and air affects, regulators of duration of medicines transformation into solution, they also exclude the contact and undesirable interactions with other substances. Thus, investigation of inclusion compounds opens wide possibilities of chemical stabilization of medicines and prolonging of their working life.
Solubility and Dissolution Rate
Published in Ko Higashitani, Hisao Makino, Shuji Matsusaka, Powder Technology Handbook, 2019
Chemical modification of cyclodextrins has been tried in order to develop some useful derivatives such as dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. These derivatives have higher solubility than the original β-cyclodextrin. A significant enhancement in drug solubility by using inclusion compounds has been reported by several researchers. Table 2.15.2 lists the solubility of several drugs with poor water solubility in the form of an inclusion compound with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.21
The modern pharmacological approach to diabetes: innovative methods of monitoring and insulin treatment
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Iulian Tătaru, Oana M. Dragostin, Iuliu Fulga, Florentina Boros, Adelina Carp, Ariadna Maftei, Carmen L. Zamfir, Aurel Nechita
The authors Jansook P. et al. uses β-CD (β-cyclodextrin) as an inclusion compound, which could host a variety of lipophilic drugs due to its hydrophilic outer surface and inner lipophilic cavity. Thus, numerous drug formulations can be obtained with a significantly improved bioavailability of the active compound, while ensuring the reduction of side effects [38].