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Risks and opportunities
Published in Ellis Tim, Leading and Managing Professional Services Firms in the Infrastructure Sector, 2018
Most jurisdictions have enshrined SID in their workplace health and safety (WHS) legislation. In most facilities, in particular industrial facilities, hazard analysis of the operational and maintained phase is undertaken. This will involve a HazID and HazOP risk analysis. HazID stands for hazard identification and is a general risk-analysis tool designed to alert management to threats and hazards as early in the process as possible. The classification made is done on the basis of probability and consequences. A HazID study provides a qualitative analysis of a workplace to determine its worker safety risk level. HazOP stands for hazard and operability study and is used to identify abnormalities in the working environment and identify the root causes of the abnormalities. It deals with comprehensive and complex workplace operations, which, if malfunctions were to occur, could lead to significant injury or loss of life.
Offshore Oil and Gas Production and Transportation
Published in Shashi Shekhar Prasad Singh, Jatin R. Agarwal, Nag Mani, Offshore Operations and Engineering, 2019
Shashi Shekhar Prasad Singh, Jatin R. Agarwal, Nag Mani
A hazard and operability study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic examination of a complex planned or existing process or operation to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel, system, or equipment. Figure 4.7 explains the procedure of HAZOP for blast hazard/fire hazard. The intention of performing a HAZOP is to review the design to pick up design and engineering issues that may otherwise not have been found or may result due to integration of different systems. The technique is based on breaking the overall complex design of the process into a number of simpler sections called “nodes”, which are then individually reviewed.
Risk Assessment Techniques and Methods of Approach
Published in D. Kofi Asante-Duah, Hazardous Waste Risk Assessment, 2021
Event trees and fault trees are not the only analytical tools available for performing a PRA. Although event tree and fault tree analyses are the most powerful methods in PRA, other relatively simpler and also more complex methods are available. Several so-called system analysis methods exist that can be used in addition to, or in support of, the event and fault tree approaches. Pertinent techniques include the following: Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), which identifies failure modes for the components of concern and traces their effects on other components, subsystems, and systems. This approach provides an orderly examination of the hazardous conditions in a system and is simple to apply. It includes an assessment of criticality and probability of occurrence of each potential component failure mode. It is an inductive analysis that systematically details, on a component-by-component basis, all possible failure modes and identifies their resulting effects on the system.Reliability Block Diagrams (RBDs), are models generated by an inductive process whereby a given system, divided into blocks representing distinct elements, is represented according to system-success pathways and scenarios.Hazard analysis (HAZAN), or hazard quantification, is limited to the identification of hazards and considerations of strategies to employ to avoid the hazards. It involves the estimation of the expected frequencies or probabilities of events with adverse or potentially adverse consequences.Hazard and operability study (HAZOP), is a systematic, inductive technique for identifying hazards and operability problems through an entire system using guide words to identify deviations leading to hazardous situations. After the serious hazards have been identified via a HAZOP study or some other qualitative approach, a quantitative examination would be performed. HAZOP highlights specific deviations for which mitigative measures need to be developed.
Application of fuzzy fault tree analysis based on modified fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS for fire and explosion in the process industry
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
Mohammad Yazdi, Orhan Korhan, Sahand Daneshvar
Hazard and operability study (HAZOP) is a common method in oil and gas process plants that is usually used to show the hazardous conditions and components [26]. This method is usually completed by the plant's specialists who include experts in different fields. Alternatively, the company may outsource the HAZOP study to a well-qualified contractor. A significant HAZOP result is the evidence that the worst events are domineering considering both severity and likelihood factors.