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Effects of different kinds of hormones on selenium accumulation in rice
Published in Gary Bañuelos, Zhi-Qing Lin, Dongli Liang, Xue-bin Yin, Selenium Research for Environment and Human Health: Perspectives, Technologies and Advancements, 2019
Z.H. Dai, Y. Yuan, H.L. Huang, M. Rizwan, S.X. Tu
We know that the hormones are widely used in the agricultural production. Auxins are arguably the most important signaling molecules in plants and have a profound impact on plant growth and development (Weijers & Wagner 2016). Gibberellic acid (GA3) is an important plant growth hormone which can accelerate stalk and leaf growth, improve seed shooting and increase fructification yield (Tang et al. 2000). The role of ethylene in defense responses to pathogens is widely recognized (Dubois et al. 2018). The 6-benzyl aminopurine (6BA) is one kind of cytokinin which can inhibiting the decomposition of chlorophyll, nucleic acid and protein in plant leaves, keeping green and preventing aging (Wojtania & Skrzypek 2014). Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal plant hormones that are widely distributed in lower to higher plants, and the brassinolide (BL) exhibits the highest biological activity among naturally occurring BRs (Kim et al. 2000). Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound which can regulate plant physiological functions, such as seed germination, photosynthesis, respiration, growth and flowering (Rivas & Plasencia 2011). Plant growth regulator methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a member of jasmonate group, which can regulates many aspects of plant growth and development. MeJA is known as a signaling molecule which plays a role in many biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Industrial biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2018
Gibberellic acid and related gibberellins are important growth regulators of plants. Commercial production of these acids helps in boosting agriculture. This acid is formed by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi (im-perfect state, Fusarium moniliforme) and can be produced commercially using aerated submerged cultures. A glucose—mineral salt medium, incubation at 25°C, and slightly acidic pH are used for fermentation. This process normally takes 2-3 days.
Industrial Biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2020
Gibberellic acid and related gibberellins are important growth regulators of plants. Commercial production of these acids helps in boosting agriculture. This acid is formed by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi (imperfect state, Fusarium moniliforme) and can be produced commercially using aerated submerged cultures. A glucose–mineral salt medium, incubation at 25°C, and slightly acidic pH are used for fermentation. This process normally takes 2–3 days.
Hexavalent chromium bioremediation with insight into molecular aspect: an overview
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2021
Sreejita Ghosh, Amrita Jasu, Rina Rani Ray
For example, Plantago ovata is known to grow in sites contaminated with Cr (VI). At Cr (VI) concentration of 1.9 mM it was found that there was a 50% reduction rate in seed germination or producing some physiological alterations like reduction in the length of shoots and roots and development of multiple roots (Kundu, Dey, and Raychaudhuri 2018). But the plant employed different strategies to survive under such heavy metal stress. At Cr (VI) concentration of upto 1.5 mM, the plant produces increased amount of secondary metabolites like polyphenols, chlorophyll (chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll), carotenoids leading to elevated anti-oxidant activity (Kundu, Dey, and Raychaudhuri 2018). On the other hand, DPPH radical scavenging and malondialdehyde content were not increased indicating that lipid peroxidation rate was low under Cr (VI) toxicity. Phenylammonia lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) levels were increased on being exposed to Cr (VI). Atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed bioaccumulation of Cr (VI) within the roots and shoots of the plant. Gene expression profiling revealed the activity of abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid and gibberellic acid (GA) due to Cr (VI) stress (Trinh et al. 2014).
Trace elements-induced phytohormesis: A critical review and mechanistic interpretation
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2020
Muhammad Shahid, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Jörg Rinklebe, Jochen Bundschuh, Camille Dumat, Eric Pinelli
In addition to antioxidants, plant hormones (such as brassinosteroids, cytokinin, auxin, gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid) have also been reported to take part in alleviating and tolerating TE stress (Bücker-Neto et al., 2017; Piotrowska-Niczyporuk, Bajguz, Zambrzycka, & Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz, 2012). These phytohormones act as chemical messengers and coordinate cellular activities. These substances are probably the main sources by which plants respond to environmental stresses, including TE stress (Bücker-Neto et al., 2017). Some studies reported that the cellular level of these phytohormones increases under TE stress (Han, Zeng, Bartocci, Fantozzi, & Yan, 2018; Wani, Kumar, Shriram, & Sah, 2016). In this way, phytohormones help plants to sustain their vegetative growth under TE stress. Under low or mild TE stress, it is possible that the increased production of these phytohormones may result in more plant vegetative growth, which ultimately causes hormetic dose–response relationship.
Mechanistic insight on boron-mediated toxicity in plant vis-a-vis its mitigation strategies: a review
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Biswaranjan Behera, Mrunalini Kancheti, Md Basit Raza, Aalok Shiv, Vikas Mangal, Gajendra Rathod, Muhammad Ahsan Altaf, Awadhesh Kumar, Tariq Aftab, Ravinder Kumar, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Milan Kumar Lal, Brajesh Singh
Phytoprotectants are vital for the regulation of physiological and biochemical defense response signaling under abiotic stress including boron toxicity (Tiwari et al. 2021). Gibberellic acid (GA), Jasmonic acid (JA), melatonin (ME), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BA), silicon (Si), are all phytoprotectant. These phytoprotectants are mostly plant derivatives that may function both exogenously and endogenously to activate the defense network and mitigate the adverse negative effect during boron toxicity (Tiwari et al. 2021).